New Insights on Catalysts-Supported In-Situ Upgrading of Heavy Oil and Hydrogen Generation during In-Situ Combustion Oil Recovery
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Summary As part of greenhouse gas reduction initiatives, there have been many publications on carbon sequestration, reducing the carbon footprint of oil and gas operations, and generating carbonless fuel [e.g., hydrogen (H2)] by means of in-situ processes. In-situ upgrading (ISU) can help with these aspects by converting bitumen and heavy oil into low sulfur, low N2, and low asphaltene products, generating fewer emissions and producing hydrogen as a byproduct, thus helping with utilization of vast resources of energy that would otherwise be wasted due to extreme measures of no fossil fuel policies. In addition, such processes could produce more valuable products, enhanced shipping/pipelining, and less demanding downstream processing. In this paper, we provide new insights into the results of several combustion tube tests that were performed for Alberta Ingenuity Centre for In Situ Energy, using different heavy oils with fresh supported catalysts. The catalysts were placed in the production end of the combustion tube so oil would pass over the catalyst bed before being produced. In practice, solid catalyst particles could be placed into the oil-bearing formation adjacent to the producing wellbore, ensuring that crude oil will flow over the catalysts during oil production. In this paper, we use many laboratory results that have never been published before. The objective is to understand whether using catalysts has merit in our future oil production activities under the current environmental restrictions. A commercial Ni/Mo catalyst was used in these tests. The results of these tests indicated at least temporary significant occurrence of reactions such as hydroprocessing (HP) and hydrotreating reactions, such as hydrocracking, hydrodesulfurization (HDS), hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), and hydrodeoxygenation. They also generated a significant volume of hydrogen in situ. We will discuss the impact of pressure, temperature, water injection, and dispersed vs. supported catalysts on the degree of oil upgrading. Also, the key parameters that could impact in-situ hydrogen generation will be presented. Specifically, the role of reactions such as aquathermolysis, thermal cracking, water-gas shift (WGS, defined later) reaction, and coke gasification will willbe discussed. Note that the products of these reactions could undergo additional methanation (ME) reactions, which could reduce the H2 concentration in the produced gas. Finally, methods of upscaling these results to the field conditions will be presented.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».