2024 CASEM Poster Abstracts

Psychological Impact and Perceptions of Cardiovascular Pre-Participation Screening: A Mixed-Methods Study of Young Canadian Athletes Nicholas Grubic, MSc1,2, Matthew Fraser2, Meghan Ford, MSc3, Braeden Hill, BHSc2, Laura Mantella, MD, PhD4, Valentina Mihajlovic, MSc3, Ryan Bennett, BPhED5, Jane S. Thornton, MD, PhD6, and Amer M. Johri, MD, MSc2 Affiliations:1Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;2Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada;3Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada;4Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;5Queen's University Sports Medicine Clinic, Kingston, Ontario, Canada;6Western Centre for Public Health & Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. Objective: To evaluate the psychological impact of cardiovascular pre-participation screening (PPS) on young athletes. Study Design: Explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Subjects: Two hundred twenty-two (40.1% female, 76.6% White) post-secondary athletes that underwent cardiovascular PPS at a Canadian university. Observation Technique: Athletes completed a cardiovascular history questionnaire and obtained an electrocardiogram and physical examination within their primary care network. A comprehensive survey was concurrently administered to athletes using an online portal to evaluate the psychological impact and perceptions of PPS. A sub-sample of athletes (n = 12) participated in virtual focus groups or individual interviews to explore PPS experiences and identify barriers to the screening process. Outcome Measures: Survey components were measured on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from strongly disagree (−2) to strongly agree (2). Levels of anxiety, stress, and worry surrounding the PPS process were compared across sub-groups of cardiovascular history, race, and sex using the Mann-Whitney U test. Themes and comments from qualitative data were summarized in line with a critical realist framework. Results: Fifty-one athletes (23.0%) reported previous cardiovascular symptoms (ie, syncope, dyspnoea, angina) or a family history of cardiovascular conditions. Athletes did not report symptoms of anxiety (M = −1.29) or stress (M = −1.41) in relation to their participation in PPS. Athletes were not worried about the PPS process revealing a cardiovascular condition (M = −1.12) and agreed that PPS was beneficial for their safety (M = 1.25). Levels of anxiety, stress, and worry surrounding the PPS process were higher in athletes who reported a cardiovascular history (M = −1.02, M = −1.24, M = −0.73, respectively) than those who did not (M = −1.41, P < 0.01; M = −1.50, P < 0.03; M = −1.27, P < 0.01, respectively). No significant differences were observed by race or sex. Qualitative data confirmed that athletes exhibited minimal concern and anxiety surrounding PPS. Athletes found the screening process to be efficient and straightforward, without causing negative lifestyle implications. Physician availability was recognized as a barrier to the completion of PPS. Athletes desired post-screening educational materials and the opportunity for follow-up appointments to discuss screening results. Conclusions: The PPS process does not cause anxiety, stress, or worry among Canadian post-secondary athletes. However, heightened levels of distress are observed for athletes who reported a cardiovascular history. The Effect of COVID-19 on Injury and Illness in the National Hockey League Adam Pinkoski, MSc1,2, Matthew Davies3, Mark Sommerfeldt, MD4, Dean Eurich, PhD1, and Don Voaklander PhD1 Affiliations:1Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada;2Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Tampa, Florida, United States;3Computing Science, Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada;4Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. Objective: To determine the effect of the disruption of the competitive calendar due to the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to pre-COVID seasons, on injury and illness in professional hockey players. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Six seasons of public access injury, illness and performance data for National Hockey League players. Participants: All players on active rosters in the NHL between 2016 to 2022. Independent Variables: Time of season. Main Outcome Measures: Incidence of injury/illness, point prevalence of injury, injury/illness severity (mean days lost; MDL). Incidence rate ratio (IRR) and point prevalence rate ratio (PR) comparing seasons since returning from COVID to pre-COVID seasons. Results: IRR for illness peaked in December 2021 (IRR = 55.69, 95% CI 49.06-62.32). IRR for injuries was significantly higher in 2020-2021 (IRR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.07-1.31) and 2021-2022 (IRR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.10-1.30). Mean days lost to injury was significantly lower in the 2020-2021 season (MDL = 13.29, P < 0.001), and significantly higher in the 2021-2022 season (MDL = 19.04, P = 0.002), compared to pre-COVID seasons (MDL = 16.47). Conclusions: Incidence of injuries increased in the 2020-21 and 2021-22 NHL regular seasons compared with the 4 seasons prior. Severity of injuries decreased in 2020-2021 while they increased in 2021-2022. Clinical Relevance: Our analysis identified primary effects of COVID-19 (increased loss of time due to illness) as well as secondary effects (increased injury rates due to compression of schedule) on professional hockey players. Discriminating Concussion Versus an Uninjured State—Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Accuracy Model KJ Schneider, PT, PhD1,2,3,4,5, J-M Galarneau, PhD1, GM Schneider, PT, PhD5,6, PH Eliason, PhD1,2,3, S Sick, CAT(C), MSc1, V Lun, MD, MSc4, and CA Emery, PT, PhD1,2,3,7,8,9,10 Affiliations:1Sport Injury Research Prevention Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;2Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;3Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;4Sport Medicine Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;5Evidence Sport and Spinal Therapy, Calgary, AB, Canada;6Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;7O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;8Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;9Community Health Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;10McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Objective: To develop and validate a prediction model to classify sport-related concussion (SRC) versus uninjured adolescent ice hockey players. Study Design: Diagnostic accuracy study. Subjects: Adolescent ice hockey players (ages 10-17 years) who participated in 2 prospective cohort studies (“Elite hockey study” 2011-2012 ages 13–17; “Safe2Play” 2013-2018 ages 10–17 years) and completed at least 1 pair (preseason and post-SRC) of measures in the same year of play. Observation Technique: Players completed a SCAT3/5 and clinical measures at (1) Preseason and (2) Post-SRC at time of diagnosis by a sport medicine physician. Outcome Measures: SRC was defined as per fourth/fifth Consensus on Concussion in Sport. SCAT3/5 severity and of clinical while were completed by a was to for who at least and a were with an individual of or were in a Results: hundred hockey players ages were and were to between and SRC diagnosis within = and with a of cohort = = and = and and the = and respectively). Conclusions: A of and clinical measures between and in hockey players at least of the The of for did not the accuracy of the The Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre 1 of the Research for Prevention of Injury and of Health by the the from Canadian of Health Health Brain Institute, and Children's Hospital Concussion Research a Research in to Hockey Hockey Hockey Edmonton, Hockey Hockey Calgary, and safety and for their time and in in a School and University of Canada. Objective: are injuries that in on to by of injury to the and The of was to the injury and to for an with physical of compression in a Main Results: the injury an with on the of did not of the or clinical and secondary to from A did not The for to was to and to the was and of The was to for symptoms follow-up with the The to injury without Conclusions: for with cause symptoms and for or of be on to to A Survey of Canadian Sport and Medicine Mark and Toronto, University, United of Toronto, Toronto, University, Canada. Objective: To determine the of Canadian sport and medicine and for of athletes who are in or Study Design: Subjects: of the Canadian of Sport and Medicine completed the to the survey was in the to in and A with a to the survey was to of the Outcome Measures: The survey a to as the to their care for using a 5-point Likert The to the was the primary Results: the from to with a of and a of a compared to data from compared to family in and in and the compared to and who with or with a in medicine a of as by a higher that was a significant between for those with previous of with a in (M = = and those without (M = = = P < Conclusions: and for of were and were than those of who reported to with a in a medicine than those that of A Study of and at Matthew MD, MSc1, PhD4, and Mark Sommerfeldt, MD, of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;2Department of University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;3Department of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Surgery, Health Edmonton, Alberta, Health Edmonton, Alberta, Sports Medicine Clinic, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Objective: to the of by who underwent at to Study Design: cohort study. Subjects: who underwent primary Technique: were to an on the of their time for as as to Outcome Measures: The was with of The the was and to and time while the was at 1 to and and Results: the time an of per by with an of per and at with an of per in to a of A was observed with time for of the time the was on did the the active increased to and at and The of time was to was observed at the and Conclusions: a of compared to their their the time of active was The of data in the and to the A Study on the of in Sport in and Athletes M. PhD1, M. MD4, and Jane S. Thornton, MD, PhD1 School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Sport Institute of Children's University, Objective: To the and of the of in Sport and and for University National athletes and Study Design: and an and the the Participants: athletes between the ages of in year 1 and in year between and with and survey on at Outcome Measures: in and of data and athletes were using and Results: (n = of and (n = of athletes were to identify the cause of availability not a significant between groups = However, (n = of and (n = of athletes were in their The identified symptoms for and athletes were = (n = athletes (n = and = (n = athletes = (n = (n = of and (n = of athletes were in the of the the levels of in did not = = (n = = (n = significantly in athletes < = (n = = (n = in was a identified Conclusions: surrounding significantly increased the in and among not among educational and be with of to of in Canadian athletes and in Athletes or A Matthew and School of Medicine, University, of Medicine and Department of Medicine, University, Canada. Objective: The primary of was to determine the prevalence and of in athletes with or using a of the A secondary was to determine were The and were from Main Results: The identified underwent and were in the All of the studies on those with or were in the studies in and of were athletes with or of identified in athletes with or stress and the of illness and psychological in Main were measured that to their studies Two of the studies the between of and in of prevalence was in athletes with and compared to groups as injury, and 1 was and and with Conclusions: the studies on athletes as a with or Two of the studies that athletes with or a higher prevalence of and compared to athletes. that a for to determine for increased prevalence in for M. and Mark of Toronto, Department of Family and Medicine, Toronto, Toronto, Canada. To develop a model for and Study Design: Subjects: who a to of of a and from Outcome Measures: of a model of a a Model as well as Results: were to and to a model at The model was using a of and on a The was to was using a that was to the The was from of in of with of and and and to was the from the at the the The was a of and of by a model of the of and of the Conclusions: A model was by a from a of and and of the be by from the model and and the an to and be for and to for and of of of the for access to their in and of Medicine for in MD, MD, and Department of Hospital for Surgery, The a to previous with with Canadian The and survey are at the Hospital for medicine The survey and for to Canadian by The of a be to and in and of medicine for in the United Research The of medicine as an for to in the their to determine the for medicine by for in to primary and in to and and a with data between and with the of an online survey an by the Canadian of Sport and Medicine to Survey data of medicine and Results: and Perceptions on in and MD, University of Western Department of Kinesiology, London, Canada. Objective: To (1) experiences the impact of their on sport (2) explore their perceptions and and to sport participation and Study Design: interviews a survey were on A analysis was using and and were as 2 a of across Subjects: athletes between the ages of to on at Western University who or an Technique: Outcome Measures: Qualitative as Results: (1) symptoms (2) impact on sport and and and All athletes reported symptoms and athletes that their symptoms their performance as well as their to in and athletes reported that they with their due to of and the of by that their with did not that they and athletes that and were not to their and desired a and of the athletes that from on performance impact of the and to their and Conclusions: the between perceptions of the impact of the on participation and performance and the for an to and between athletes and and the of the in Athletes of S. S. PhD1, and of Kinesiology, Western University, London, & Western University, London, Canada. Objective: To the between performance and in players. Study Design: A prospective cohort of players from a 1 season of play. Subjects: A of players year and of and were measured of and 2 were for Outcome Measures: and were measured the Outcome measures are summarized using and for or and for between the of and the performance were using effects in Results: a of and with players per and per The and for were and were not significantly with in of the performance Conclusions: Players as than of impact not in in a of the and of the with the and to impact and in and MD, MD, S. MD, M. and Sports University, Objective: To differences and in Study Design: study. Subjects: Six hundred young and athletes and to year Observation Technique: year the performance from the of the in to were The were by the of and Outcome Measures: The were in and The were measured by was to the for and of the same by the of compared than 2 and the differences are Results: significant differences are in at year from the However, in as measured by the differences are at to and to are significant in significant differences were observed year However, the effects of in and were significantly in groups and in the be in at the physical performance was in the on 4 than the performance in was observed at year on 2 than Conclusions: cohort of differences in and at to year an of the to the at the time of performance than the year of of Concussion in Adolescent Hockey Players with PhD4, PhD4, PT, PhD4, and MD, PhD1 for Clinical Institute, University, Canada;2Department of Family Medicine, University, Canada;3Department of and University, Canada;4Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. Objective: A concussion does not the of concussion in who concussion Our was to determine a concussion the of a concussion among with who not concussion Study Design: prospective Subjects: and adolescent ice hockey with in or with data on of and Observation Technique: analysis of data using a injury and injury Outcome Measures: The of a concussion to with 95% CI using the of and as time at a effect for to for by versus Results: in the cohort 2 was an increased for a versus concussion 95% CI P = in (n = a increased for a concussion compared to concussion 95% CI P = in (n = 12) minimal increased 95% CI P = in a versus the effect of the the in the was to be = Conclusions: A concussion the of concussion in adolescent ice hockey players with The increased be higher in and minimal in the was and are for to of and Impact PhD1, MSc3, PhD1, and of University of of and University, of Health Sciences, University of Objective: To the impact obtained for the impact of to measured Study Design: cohort study. Subjects: and players year of using a and a at and Observation Technique: were with 2 seasons of to impact were The 2 the with and without the the The the and a impact and were at impact Outcome Measures: 95% the differences in and and and and their with the at a in between and Results: without the significantly lower and compared to the with the in significantly lower and compared to the with the in significantly lower and compared to the All from those of the with Conclusions: a impact to while their for a impact impact as the 4 for to as a impact the between Family and School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Objective: To identify levels of and experiences that primary care and and with Study Design: Qualitative using online Subjects: family or family medicine in were and and and Technique: were on about their and of Outcome Measures: were by a and by at least 1 The the and was to explore experiences Results: = were and agreed to the agreed that and family medicine for to on to are not minimal care for and those with are or in a (ie, A on the prevalence of was due to access to on the and surrounding and to were Family that their not the for on and To negative in their Conclusions: and on in and surrounding and a are for to The to the for their and the and the for a to and A and University, University, Canada. Objective: To evaluate the clinical of a the in with Study Design: Retrospective Subjects: with A comprehensive history and and by a for were 2 and symptoms were at Outcome Measures: The measures were reported and at follow-up compared to and were measured on a Results: of reported or with a in at at of of reported increased the of Conclusions: be a to care for and in from to for the of the of the MSc1,2, M. CAT(C), S. Lun, and Nicholas MD, Affiliations:1Sport Medicine Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;3Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University, Ontario, Canada;4Department of Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Institute, Calgary, Alberta, of Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, of Centre, Health Calgary, Alberta, Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of University of Sport Medicine Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada. To explore the of a Study Design: cohort study. Subjects: to with an or or and injury were of a clinical the of 2 or All a were for 4 at were from 2 were for as of the to the was measured using a Clinical and measures were as of the and were as in with as the Outcome Measures: The was to the at of the as a (ie, or were defined as those who their to the and as diagnosis or and as well as on and measures were at and were Results: 1 and a injury and to were identified as significant of to < However, were to that female, of a higher a injury, or higher Conclusions: to However, and were the primary the to and was by the the sport medicine and at the and from the Family of in the of of the A Retrospective of than MD, and Jane of and Centre, of Faculty of Medicine, and Health a condition in and with to and effects in The of in in from and of for The were to determine rates to the and of to of to for and measured by the between follow-up Study and Outcome Measures: a analysis of a cohort from a were with or with were 2 groups on the of the Outcome measures were rates with in of from versus those with a were Results: A of and were The primary rate was significantly higher primary versus P = and significantly lower P = The rate was with versus P < The between the and the was for versus versus Conclusions: of to with The was in versus and with a of effect than and of in to on for S. of of on & and School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Objective: To identify of their and of with the and their as a Study Design: using Subjects: of ages and were in with and Observation Technique: their experiences as a and their of of and their with primary care interviews of Outcome Measures: were using to were on Results: were surrounding using with of family and of the using of the of & using to physical and to a with to in professional a in the to due to the and by with their family due to of or of of Conclusions: the for and in a with that experiences negative from primary care of and a in primary care as to the impact of on be The to for their and the and the for Study of the Impact of on Cardiovascular and of of at the in MD, MD, and University Objective: Study the of and of in of and who participated in the Study Design: study. Subjects: and who underwent with A of using and a survey were to identify for cardiovascular was measured the of the Outcome Measures: The was the time of the the a of and a of to from to All were using the questionnaire by and the questionnaire The of questionnaire from to physical due to physical condition due to Results: the found that in in for and of a and to 2 to the not and to the All were using the to the of the questionnaire in the of and as well as physical and of with regular physical and Conclusions: of among with and on who participated in the of an active physical and in the of cardiovascular and in in of Preseason and Measures: of Concussion and Sick, Schneider, PT, MD, PhD6, Lun, MD, Eliason, PhD1, Galarneau, PhD1, PT, and Emery, PT, Affiliations:1Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;2Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Medicine Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, of Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, of Faculty of of and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Children's University Health of Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Objective: To the between concussion history and and measures in and adolescent years) sport Study Design: Subjects: hundred adolescent sport = = = Outcome Measures: were to the between of previous and measures of the of and on severity and Effect of concussion history by sex and sex by were Results: differences by concussion history were observed with and to with previous with 1 and a of an = 95% = 95% with to with previous a of an = 95% to with previous with a of = 95% of performance = 95% of compared to with previous with 1 previous concussion a of = 95% and with a of = 95% of concussion history, compared to a of = 95% to a of decreased = 95% a time 95% to the of an decreased for in for = 95% while differences were for = 95% Conclusions: on concussion history and sex across clinical to the between concussion history, and clinical The Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre 1 of the Research for the Prevention of Injury and of the of School in the and as well as the and for for Brain Institute, Canadian of Health Research and the National League or The Impact on and Perceptions of to S. Meghan and Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Objective: To the performance Canadian experiences of and perceptions of to Study Design: Qualitative with Subjects: performance Canadian athletes at or and of or Observation Technique: interviews using the experiences and impact of the on and their of and perceptions of to Outcome Measures: experiences as athletes

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