Symbolic and non-symbolic representations of numerical zero in the human brain
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Representing the quantity zero as a symbolic concept is considered a unique achievement of abstract human thought.1Bialystok E. Codd J. Representing quantity beyond whole numbers: Some, none, and part.Can. J. Exp. Psychol. 2000; 54: 117-128https://doi.org/10.1037/h0087334Crossref PubMed Scopus (42) Google Scholar,2Nieder A. Representing Something Out of Nothing: The Dawning of Zero.Trends Cogn. Sci. 2016; 20: 830-842https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2016.08.008Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (51) Google Scholar To conceptualize zero, one must abstract away from the (absence of) sensory evidence to construct a representation of numerical absence: creating “something” out of “nothing.”2Nieder A. Representing Something Out of Nothing: The Dawning of Zero.Trends Cogn. Sci. 2016; 20: 830-842https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2016.08.008Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (51) Google Scholar,3Butterworth B. The mathematical brain 1. Macmillan, 1999Google Scholar,4Wellman H.M. Miller K.F. Thinking about nothing: Development of concepts of zero.Br. J. Dev. Psychol. 1986; 4: 31-42https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-835X.1986.tb00995.xCrossref Google Scholar Previous investigations of the neural representation of natural numbers reveal distinct numerosity-selective neural populations that overlap in their tuning curves with adjacent numerosities.5Kutter E.F. Bostroem J. Elger C.E. Mormann F. Nieder A. Single Neurons in the Human Brain Encode Numbers.Neuron. 2018; 100: 753-761.e4https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2018.08.036Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (81) Google Scholar,6Piazza M. Izard V. Pinel P. Le Bihan D. Dehaene S. Tuning curves for approximate numerosity in the human intraparietal sulcus.Neuron. 2004; 44: 547-555https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2004.10.014Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (836) Google Scholar Importantly, a component of this neural code is thought to be invariant across non-symbolic and symbolic numerical formats.7Damarla S.R. Cherkassky V.L. Just M.A. Modality-independent representations of small quantities based on brain activation patterns.Hum. Brain Mapp. 2016; 37: 1296-1307https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23102Crossref PubMed Scopus (14) Google Scholar,8Eger E. Sterzer P. Russ M.O. Giraud A.-L. Kleinschmidt A. A supramodal number representation in human intraparietal cortex.Neuron. 2003; 37: 719-725https://doi.org/10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00036-9Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar,9Eger E. Michel V. Thirion B. Amadon A. Dehaene S. Kleinschmidt A. Deciphering Cortical Number Coding from Human Brain Activity Patterns.Curr. Biol. 2009; 19: 1608-1615https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2009.08.047Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (159) Google Scholar,10Piazza M. Pinel P. Le Bihan D. Dehaene S. A Magnitude Code Common to Numerosities and Number Symbols in Human Intraparietal Cortex.Neuron. 2007; 53: 293-305https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2006.11.022Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (652) Google Scholar,11Teichmann L. Grootswagers T. Carlson T. Rich A.N. Decoding Digits and Dice with Magnetoencephalography: Evidence for a Shared Representation of Magnitude.J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2018; 30: 999-1010https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01257Crossref PubMed Scopus (15) Google Scholar Although behavioral evidence indicates that zero occupies a place at the beginning of this mental number line,12Dehaene S. Bossini S. Giraux P. The mental representation of parity and number magnitude.J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 1993; 122: 371-396https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.122.3.371Crossref Scopus (2061) Google Scholar,13Zagury Y. Zaks-Ohayon R. Tzelgov J. Pinhas M. Sometimes nothing is simply nothing: Automatic processing of empty sets.Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 2022; 75: 1810-1827https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218211066436Crossref Scopus (1) Google Scholar,14Pinhas M. Tzelgov J. Expanding on the mental number line: Zero is perceived as the “smallest”.J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 2012; 38: 1187-1205https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027390Crossref PubMed Scopus (41) Google Scholar in humans zero is also associated with unique behavioral and developmental profiles compared to natural numbers,4Wellman H.M. Miller K.F. Thinking about nothing: Development of concepts of zero.Br. J. Dev. Psychol. 1986; 4: 31-42https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-835X.1986.tb00995.xCrossref Google Scholar,15Krajcsi A. Kojouharova P. Lengyel G. Development of Preschoolers’ Understanding of Zero.Front. Psychol. 2021; 12: 583734https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2021.583734Crossref Google Scholar,16Merritt D.J. Brannon E.M. Nothing to it: Precursors to a zero concept in preschoolers.Behav. Processes. 2013; 93: 91-97https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2012.11.001Crossref PubMed Scopus (33) Google Scholar,17Brysbaert M. Arabic Number Reading: On the Nature of the Numerical Scale and the Origin of Phonological Recoding.J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 1995; 124: 434-452https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.124.4.434Crossref Scopus (243) Google Scholar suggestive of a distinct neural basis for zero. We characterized the neural representation of zero in the human brain by employing two qualitatively different numerical tasks18Kriegeskorte N. Diedrichsen J. Peeling the Onion of Brain Representations.Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2019; 42: 407-432https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-080317-061906Crossref PubMed Scopus (65) Google Scholar,19Luyckx F. Nili H. Spitzer B. Summerfield C. Neural structure mapping in human probabilistic reward learning.Elife. 2019; 8e42816https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.42816Crossref Scopus (37) Google Scholar in concert with magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings. We assay both neural representations of non-symbolic numerosities (dot patterns), including zero (empty sets), and symbolic numerals, including symbolic zero. Our results reveal that neural representations of zero are situated along a graded neural number line shared with other natural numbers. Notably, symbolic representations of zero generalized to predict non-symbolic empty sets. We go on to localize abstract representations of numerical zero to posterior association cortex, extending the purview of parietal cortex in human numerical cognition to encompass representations of zero.10Piazza M. Pinel P. Le Bihan D. Dehaene S. A Magnitude Code Common to Numerosities and Number Symbols in Human Intraparietal Cortex.Neuron. 2007; 53: 293-305https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2006.11.022Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (652) Google Scholar,20Harvey B.M. Dumoulin S.O. A network of topographic numerosity maps in human association cortex.Nat. Hum. Behav. 2017; 10036https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-016-0036Crossref Scopus (77) Google Scholar
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,006 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,005 |
| Communication savante | 0,005 | 0,009 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,010 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».