Proactive Identification of Adverse Geological Structure in a Deep Mine Environment
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
ABSTRACT: This paper details proactive measures taken to identify adverse geological structures present in the rock mass before mining occurred in the area. During the sinking of Glencore's Onaping Depth winze and subsequent excavation of the shaft stations, a major fault had to be crossed. This structure exhibited erratic behavior ranging from local wedge formation in tunnels to major rock bursting when it had been encountered historically at shallower depths. Through the use of scout holes, diamond drill holes drilled ahead of the mining face, the ground conditions around the fault ahead of the shaft and drift development were characterized. The holes provided a wealth of data for ground condition assessment, from physical examination of the core to in-situ evaluation of the rock mass using acoustic and optical televiewer surveys. Examination of the scout holes identified up to a 50 m zone of anomalous ground conditions below the fault. Based on the proactive identification of the anomalous zone, the ground support was enhanced, and the strategy for mining through the area was modified. Whenever feasible, permanent excavations were relocated further away from the fault zone. For the drives that had to go through the fault, conservative ground control measures were employed. This resulted in a significant risk reduction and improved operator safety associated with the construction of the critical excavations. Seismic data were collected while mining through this area, and the data confirmed the presence of anomalous ground conditions. 1. INTRODUCTION The presence of large geological structures can be a significant factor leading to increased frequency of rockbursts and large seismic events in deep underground mines. Predicting the rock mass behavior associated with geological structures is challenging because the structures are not always easily identified until after an excavation has been made. Many geological structures are benign and cause few ground control problems. On rare occasions, a structure may have locked-in stress, which could potentially cause severe rock mass failures. Seismic monitoring is extensively used to provide real-time feedback on the local rock mass response to mining. To some extent, the data can be used to evaluate geotechnical risks. However, it is important to note that this dataset shows a response to mining activity and is not available until the excavation process begins. Reactionary mitigation efforts are employed after a rockburst or a significant seismic event has occurred, in contrast to proactive efforts aimed at preventing the event or reducing its potential damage severity.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
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