PSLBI-6 Unveiling the gut mycobiota of pasture- and conventionally raised pigs
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract The gut microbiome has a significant role in mammalian health, in pigs it is influenced by factors such as age, diet, stress, environmental conditions, and farming practices. Although studies of the pig gut microbiome typically focus on bacteria, fungal members are understudied although they may have important roles in pig gut health. The objective of this research was to characterize the mycobiota in gastrointestinal tract of swine raised under two very different production systems, either outdoors on pasture or indoors in a farrow-to-finish operation (conventional). Fecal samples were collected from nursery (n = 7) and growing-finishing (n = 17) pigs as well as from sows (n = 11) on each of these conventional and pasture farms. After DNA extraction, the universal fungal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region was PCR amplified and sequenced. A total of 353 fungal species spanning 234 genera and 6 phyla, were identified among all samples. Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes were found to be the relatively most abundant phyla, comprising 96% of the mycobiota. There were 56 fungal species (relative abundance ≥ 0.10%) identified as differentially abundant in the fecal mycobiota of conventionally vs. pasture-raised pigs. Of these, 11 fungal species were relatively more abundant in the conventional pigs and 45 species were enriched in the pasture pigs. Kazachstania slooffiae, Penicillium polonicum, and Vishniacozyma victoriae were most strongly associated with the pigs raised under a conventional system while Enterocarpus grenotii, Leucosporidium escuderoi, and Sagenomella oligospora were among those species linked with pasture-raised pigs. Furthermore, E. grenotii was not detected in any of the conventionally raised pigs and K. slooffiae was not identified in the pigs raised on pasture. Pasture-raised pigs had significantly greater richness (number of amplicon sequence variants) and diversity (inverse Simpson diversity) in their fecal mycobiota compared with conventionally raised pigs (P < 0.05). Given these differences, it is therefore not surprising that the pigs raised under the two different systems had significantly different fungal community structures (R2 = 0.07, P < 0.001). Overall, the large differences observed between the two groups of pigs are a result of differences in diet, environment, and management system. In addition to their grain-based diet, pasture-raised pigs have access to plants and soil which may enrich their gut mycobiota as observed in the present study.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».