World Heritage: features, composition, and tourist significance
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
It is proved that the idea of world heritage and its conceptual form of legal imple- mentation created a new institution of world heritage in international law. At the end of the 20th century for the first time, the term «world cultural and natural heritage» became widely used to define those natural and cultural objects that are of outstanding importance not only for the people of a certain country but also for all humanity as a whole. Among the main advantages of granting the status of a world heritage site are the following: additional guarantees of preservation and integrity of unique natural and cultural complexes; increasing the prestige of the territories and institutions that take care of them; promoting the promotion of objects included in the List and the development of alternative types of nature use (primarily, ecological tourism); ensuring priority in attracting financial funds for the support of objects of world cultural and natural heritage, first of all, from the World Heritage Fund; promoting the organization of monitoring and control over the state of preservation of natural and cultural objects. Currently, the World Heritage List consists of three categoriesof objects: cultural heritage, natural phenomena, and cultural-natural (mixed) objects. It is noted that every year the number of world heritage sites is steadily increasing, and by 2020 their number has already reached 1,121 sites, including 869 cultural sites, 213 natural sites, and 39 mixed sites. From 1978 until now, the number of nominated objects has constantly increased. However, in order to achieve representativeness, balance, and credibility of the UNESCO Heritage List, certain restrictions on the number of nominations per year have been introduced since 2018. Now their total number cannot exceed 45 nominations per year and only one nomination from the state. They are distributed very unevenly by regions of the world. More than 75% of the world’s cultural heritage is concentrated in Eurasian countries. The countries of America and Africa hold the leadership in the number of natural monuments in the world. The basis of the interest of the countries of the world in the inclusion of objects in the List of World Heritage is the possibility of obtaining profits from the visit of numerous tourists to this cultural or natural attraction. About 225 historic centers of cities around the world are included in the UNESCO Heritage List, including Paris, London, Istanbul, Vienna, Athens, Florence, Venice, St. Petersburg, Krakow, Riga, Jerusalem, Mecca, Mexico City, Quito, Quebec, Rio de Janeiro -Janeiro, etc. It was found that individual objects of cultural heritage are also very popular (the Great Wall of China, St. Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican, the Colosseum, etc.).
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».