Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Getting started in SingaporeDuring my undergraduate studies at the Université de Bordeaux (1963-65), in France, I became keenly interested in Southeast Asia, although I remained primarily centred on Africa, where I had already taught as a young volunteer for a full year, in Uganda. 1 But during my subsequent MA studies at Université Laval in Québec (1965-7), my interest in Southeast Asian issues, particularly those pertaining to agriculture, became more exclusive and my professors prompted me to persist.Then, already, I did not look kindly on the fundamentally colonial relationship which characterized the system, whereby Western PhD students did fieldwork in developing countries but completed their degrees in their home countries.So, I enquired about universities in Southeast Asia and was told that the best in the region was (already) the University of Singapore.I then wrote up a research project to compare labour policies among rubber and burgeoning oil palm plantations in Johor state and applied both to the University and to the Canada Council for a scholarship.I was lucky with both applications and, as soon as I had publicly defended my MA thesis, I headed for Singapore, making several stopovers in Europe, the Middle East, India, Burma and Thailand, 2 taking six weeks to reach the City-State, where I landed on 26 May 1967.I was to remain for three years, almost to the day, those three years being essentially devoted to my PhD research and writing, as well as submitting and defending my thesis.Unfortunately, because it was difficult to get a Malaysian research permit while being based in a Singaporean University-unnecessary tensions between the new island Republic and Malaysia were already common-I had to give up the idea of doing fieldwork in Johor.So, I followed the advice to focus on what I still think was a wise choice, Singapore's own farming areas and populations.At that time, more than 20 per cent of Singapore's territory were still devoted to farming, mostly market gardening, pig and poultry rearing and some fish rearing.The so-called City State was then nearly self-sufficient in vegetables, its rural belt also supplying some 50 per cent of the local demand for pork and chicken.After consulting with several members of the local teaching staff, and not only in the Geography Department, I opted for a study of the local agricultural scene.I initially toured several of the outlying rural areasparticularly Lim Chu Kang and Chua Chu Kang and the Mandai Hills-on my newly
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,004 | 0,003 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,004 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,014 | 0,022 |
| Communication savante | 0,009 | 0,007 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,012 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,003 | 0,006 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,012 | 0,002 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».