A Detailed Karyological Investigation of three Endemic Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 Species (Teleostei, Cobitidae) in Anatolia, Türkiye
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
INTRODUCTION: Comparative cytogenetics is a vital approach for diagnosing chromosome abnormalities and identifying species-specific patterns. In this study, chromosomal analysis of three Anatolian endemic Cobitis species was performed: Cobitis bilseli, C. fahireae, and C. turcica. METHODS: Conventional cytogenetic techniques such as Giemsa staining, C-banding, and Ag-NOR staining were applied, followed by measurements of chromosome arm lengths including analysis of the measured data. RESULTS: The diploid chromosome number, 2n = 50, was determined for all three species. The karyotype formulas were as follows: four pairs of metacentric, 5 pairs of submetacentric, and 16 pairs of subtelo-telocentric chromosomes in C. bilseli; 11 pairs of metacentric, 7 pairs of submetacentric, and 7 pairs of subtelo-telocentric chromosomes in C. fahireae; and 4 pairs of metacentric, 4 pairs of submetacentric, and 17 pairs of subtelo-telocentric chromosomes in C. turcica. Dark C-bands were observed on the pericentromeres of nearly all chromosomes in C. bilseli and C. turcica, whereas light C-bands appeared on the pericentromeres of some chromosomes in C. fahireae. Silver-stained metaphases revealed signals on the short arm of a submetacentric chromosome pair in C. fahireae (each homologous chromosome carries one signal), while in C. bilseli and C. turcica, Ag-NOR signals were detected on the long arm of a single metacentric chromosome (only one homologous chromosome carries the signal, and the signal-carrying chromosome is the largest chromosome in the karyotype). CONCLUSION: This study provides new cytogenetic data consistent with the phylogenetic distances between the studied species, indicating that pericentric inversions and/or translocations govern the formation of Cobitis karyotypes. INTRODUCTION: Comparative cytogenetics is a vital approach for diagnosing chromosome abnormalities and identifying species-specific patterns. In this study, chromosomal analysis of three Anatolian endemic Cobitis species was performed: Cobitis bilseli, C. fahireae, and C. turcica. METHODS: Conventional cytogenetic techniques such as Giemsa staining, C-banding, and Ag-NOR staining were applied, followed by measurements of chromosome arm lengths including analysis of the measured data. RESULTS: The diploid chromosome number, 2n = 50, was determined for all three species. The karyotype formulas were as follows: four pairs of metacentric, 5 pairs of submetacentric, and 16 pairs of subtelo-telocentric chromosomes in C. bilseli; 11 pairs of metacentric, 7 pairs of submetacentric, and 7 pairs of subtelo-telocentric chromosomes in C. fahireae; and 4 pairs of metacentric, 4 pairs of submetacentric, and 17 pairs of subtelo-telocentric chromosomes in C. turcica. Dark C-bands were observed on the pericentromeres of nearly all chromosomes in C. bilseli and C. turcica, whereas light C-bands appeared on the pericentromeres of some chromosomes in C. fahireae. Silver-stained metaphases revealed signals on the short arm of a submetacentric chromosome pair in C. fahireae (each homologous chromosome carries one signal), while in C. bilseli and C. turcica, Ag-NOR signals were detected on the long arm of a single metacentric chromosome (only one homologous chromosome carries the signal, and the signal-carrying chromosome is the largest chromosome in the karyotype). CONCLUSION: This study provides new cytogenetic data consistent with the phylogenetic distances between the studied species, indicating that pericentric inversions and/or translocations govern the formation of Cobitis karyotypes.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».