Immune inflammation markers and physical fitness during a congested match play period in elite male soccer players
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Background/Objective Cellular immune markers of inflammation such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) are frequently used in patient care. The adoption of these markers to elite sports, e.g. soccer could be beneficial when monitoring training and aiming to maximize physical fitness. This study investigated cellular immune inflammation markers and physical fitness in elite male soccer players in relation to changes in training and match exposure during a congested match play period. Methods Fifteen elite male soccer players were evaluated three times (T1, T2, and T3) over 12 weeks (T1–T2: six weeks uncongested period of match play and T2–T3: six weeks congested period of match play). Players performed vertical jump tests (squat jumps [SJ], countermovement jumps [CMJ]), the 20-meter sprint test, and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (YYIRL1) at T1, T2 and T3. Measurements included counts of leucocytes and its subtypes, as well as platelets. Cellular immune inflammation markers (NLR, PLR and SII) were calculatedat T1, T2, and T3. Training session rating of perceived exertion was also recorded on a daily basis. Results Significant increases in leucocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil and monocyte counts occurred at T3 compared with T2 (0.002 < p < 0.04, -0.56 < ES < -0.40) and T1 (-0.78 < ES < -0.49). Lymphocyte counts were lower at T3 as compared to T2 and T1 ( p = 0.038, -0.48 < ES <-0.25), while NLR, PLR and SII were greater at T3 compared to T2 (0.001 < p < 0.015, -1.01 < ES < -0.44) and T1 (-0.99 < ES < -0.21). There was a negative correlation between YYIRL1 performance with NLR ( r = -0.56; p = 0.02), PLR ( r =-0,44, p = 0.015), and SII ( r = -0.63; p = 0.01) after the congested period of match play (i.e., T3). Values for maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max ), estimated from the YYIRL1 test, negatively correlated with NLR ( r = -0.56; p = 0.02), PLR ( r =-0,44, p = 0.015), and SII ( p = 0.01; r = -0.63). There was a positive correlation between NLR, and SII with workload parameters. In addition, a clear positive correlation was observed between NLR and SII with competitive loadinstead (r= [0.59–0.64; p˂ 0.001), training load (TL) (r= [0.65–0.68]; p˂ 0.001), session rating of perceived exertion (S-RPE) (r= [0.65–0.68]; p = 0.001), and training volume (r= [0.60–0.61; p = 0.001). Conclusion An intensive period of congested match play significantly alterated immune cell counts and cellular markers of inflammation (NLR, PLR and SII). Changes in NLR and SII were related to workload parameters, suggesting the usefulness of these markers in regulating training intensity and competitive load. An association between physical fitness (YYIRL1, VO 2max ) and NLR, PLR and SII suggests that these biomarkers are promising tools to monitor aerobic physical fitness of elite soccer players during congested periods of match play.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».