Effect of Health Literacy on Antiviral Treatment of Hepatitis B: Instrumental Variable Analysis
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background: China is a country with a high burden of hepatitis B (Hep B) but a low treatment rate. One of the key reasons for the low treatment rate is the inadequate health literacy (HL) of the people, which may affect the awareness and knowledge of Hep B and its treatment, as well as the ability to actively and correctly seek medical resources. Objective: This study analyzed how HL contributed to the scale-up of antiviral treatment of Hep B in China. We expect that the findings of this study could be used to inform resource allocation for health education and other approaches intending to improve the HL of the Chinese population, thus facilitating the nationwide scale-up of Hep B treatment and contributing to the achievement of the 2030 goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a major public health threat in China. Methods: We used the two-stage least squares regression method and adopted the mobile phone penetration rate as the instrumental variable to estimate the effect of improved HL on the number of 12-month standard Hep B antiviral treatments in China based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 2013 to 2020. Results: In the cross-sectional dimension, the higher the HL, the higher the number of treatments in the provinces in a specific year. In the time series dimension, the number of treatments in a specific province increased with the improvement of HL over time. After controlling the time-invariant inherent attributes of provinces, the instrumental variable estimation with two-stage least squares regression based on the province fixed effect model found that for every 1% increase of HL in each province, the number of treatments increased by 7.15% (0.0715 = e0.0691 - 1; P<.001). Such an increase turned to 5.19% (0.0519 = e0.0506 - 1; P<.001) for the analysis targeting the observation time from 2013 to 2019, as the data of 2020 were removed when the COVID-19 pandemic started. The study found no statistically significant effect of HL on the number of Hep B treatments in the provinces with higher newly reported Hep B incidence and lower gross domestic product per capita. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that improved HL of the population is an important favorable facilitator for the scale-up of Hep B treatment in China. Building awareness and knowledge of Hep B and its treatment can help individuals understand their health status, ensuring a healthier lifestyle and appropriate health care-seeking behaviors and health care service utilization, so that people can be diagnosed and treated timely and appropriately. Enhancing resource allocation to improve the overall HL of the population and sending Hep B-specific messages to the infected people would be a feasible and effective approach to scale-up the treatment of Hep B in low- and middle-income settings with limited resources, and contribute to achieving the 2030 global goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a major public health threat.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».