Rock bottom: Colonization patterns of deep-sea Arctic and subarctic dropstones (200–1300 m)
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Hard substrata of allochthonous origin, such as ice-rafted dropstones, can provide essential habitat for benthic communities in the polar and subpolar deep sea, acting as “islands” in otherwise finer-grained sedimentary environments. The present study explored the diversity and distribution patterns of morphospecies (msp/mspp) present on dropstones collected at depths of ∼200–500 m in the Labrador Sea (LAB) and ∼700–1300 m in Baffin Bay (BAF), respectively spanning subarctic and Arctic regions of eastern Canada. Specifically, the zonation, intra- and interspecific interactions, and succession of all colonizers were examined. Based on in - situ images, dropstones exhibited ∼94% greater epibenthic megafaunal richness than similar surfaces of the substratum immediately surrounding them. Analysis of three dropstones collected from each of six sites documented a total of 101 sessile and motile taxa spanning 10 phyla. Across sites, bryozoans dominated at all depths and locations (27 mspp, plus 3 dead) followed by poriferans (27 mspp), 19 cnidarians, eight arthropods, eight annelids, five chordates (tunicates), three echinoderms, three molluscs, and one foraminifer. There were 19 mspp that spanned both LAB and BAF, with greater overall richness in the subarctic region (62 vs 26 mspp). A total of 64 sessile mspp occurred above the stone-sediment interface (e.g., cnidarians and poriferans), whereas 22 mspp (mostly bryozoans) occurred at the stone-sediment interface; one morphospecies of polychaete occurred below. The most abundant morphospecies was an arborescent bryozoan, while two encrusting bryozoans covered the most surface area. Eight morphospecies occurred as just one individual or colony per stone, and 35 mspp appeared to maintain an exclusion zone between conspecifics (e.g., tube-dwelling annelids, hydrozoans, and anthozoans). Conversely, in 51 mspp conspecifics occurred abutting one another (e.g., bryozoans and poriferans). Allospecific exclusion zones appeared to occur in 27 mspp (e.g., bryozoans and annelids), whereas 59 allospecifics (e.g., poriferans, cnidarians, and chordates) occurred within touching distance. Secondary colonization (including cases of epibiosis) was observed in 83 mspp, documenting 204 unique pairings of hosts and colonizers. The number and diversity of morphospecies colonizing dropstones in the deep sea of the eastern Canadian Arctic and subarctic support the role of dropstones as oases that facilitate connectivity in an otherwise poorly diversified epibenthic environment. • Deep-sea epibenthic communities on subarctic and Arctic dropstones were compared • Subarctic dropstone communities had higher richness than Arctic dropstones • Most taxa colonized exposed surface rather than sediment boundary or undersurface • Distances between conspecifics were greater than distances between allospecifics • Epibiosis and overgrowth of allospecifics was common, evoking communities in flux
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,007 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,006 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».