Diversity of CPR manikins for basic life support education: Use of manikin sex, race, and body shape – A scoping review
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) manikins typically appear white, lean, and male. However, internationally, this does not represent the overall population or those who are at greatest risk of cardiac arrest. Diverse demographic groups including people of colour, women, and obese people, are known to be less likely to receive bystander CPR, public access defibrillation, and suffer less favourable outcomes. It is plausible that failure to represent women, racially diverse, and non-lean manikins can contribute to poor clinical outcomes in these populations. The aim of this scoping review was to summarize the current evidence for adaptations of manikins used for layperson Basic Life Support (BLS) training. Data on participant characteristics, manikin adaptations, study design, and key findings of included studies describing or evaluating CPR manikin diversity were extracted. Initially, 2,719 studies were identified and 15 studies were finally included and were grouped into 1) studies analyzing adaptions of “standard” manikins used in training (n=11) and 2) studies evaluating CPR manikin diversity used for online learning and on social media (n=4). Six of the studies analyzing different adaptations reported the influence of the manikins’ sex on comfort in performing CPR, quality of chest compression, AED use, and removing clothes, four the effects of obese manikins, and one an ethnically diverse manikin. Seven of the studies used do-it-yourself adaptions. Racial and gender diversity of CPR manikins found in educational videos was limited, with only 5% of educational videos featuring non-white manikins and 1% featuring female manikins. Adaptations of manikins used for BLS CPR training for laypersons still do not represent the diversity of communities most people are living in, internationally. There are hints that using diverse racial manikins has the potential to improve engagement in CPR training. Reported barriers hindering the use of adapted manikins were high costs and availability of these manikins. What is already known on this topic Manikins for layperson cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training are typically white, lean, and male all over the world. Certain sociodemographic groups experience lower bystander rates, defibrillator use, and lower survival rates after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. What this study adds The majority of manikins used in studies evaluating adaptions are do-it-yourself adaptions. Only one study evaluated the view of ethnically diverse people on racial diverse manikins and how these adaptions should be conducted. How this study might affect research, practice or policy By raising awareness for these sociodemographic disparities in CPR training, educators all over the world should be part of the solution. To improve cardiac arrest outcomes among these groups, organisations involved in CPR education should ensure diversity of manikins, and manufacturers should offer low-cost diverse manikins.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,010 | 0,053 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,005 | 0,006 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,010 | 0,011 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,004 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».