The mechanism of legal protection against stalking. Comparative legal analysis of the sources of criminal law of foreign countries
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The article is devoted to the problems of the mechanism of legal protection against stalking. One of the mechanisms of legal protection in the countries of the Anglo-Saxon legal system is a restraining order. The analysis of sources of criminal legislation of foreign countries is presented by such countries as the Russian Federation, Finland, Great Britain, USA, Canada. The USA is represented mainly by the Criminal Code of the State of Washington, on the example of which the institution of a special order for protection from prosecution is considered. The purpose of this study is to consistently study and examine in detail the mechanisms of legal protection against stalking. As a means of legal protection, the institute of a restraining order is considered as an effective legal mechanism with the help of which judicial protection against unlawful encroachment by stalker-pursuers is carried out. The study of the described phenomenon seems relevant in connection with the frequent cases of stalking in Kazakhstan, allows you to track patterns in calls, responses to threats of such illegal phenomena and assess the effectiveness of remedies. The scientific significance of the study lies in the results obtained, which expand the theoretical foundations of this phenomenon, the causes of its occurrence and ways to combat it. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectical-materialistic method of cognition of social processes and phenomena. In the framework of this article, general scientific, legal, comparative-legal, formal-logical, concrete-sociological methods, as well as the method of system analysis were used. The article examines the types of restraining orders, similar norms and measures to protect victims of stalking, analyzes statistical data, and identifies a number of problems associated with the use of such methods of legal protection. The author concluded that a court order that would prohibit stalker-stalkers from performing certain actions, in general, is an effective measure to prevent a number of negative consequences for stalking victims, in some cases suppresses further illegal actions, and in case of its violation, increases the responsibility of offenders. The value of the conducted research lies in the description and evaluation of the means of protection of victims of stalking and the analysis of the sources of criminal legislation of these foreign countries, the identification of problems of the mechanism of their legal protection. The practical significance of the results of the work lies in the subsequent opportunity to apply the knowledge in the work of practicing psychologists, lawyers, lawmakers and human rights defenders in their activities, advocacy projects, recommendations and their own conclusions. The terms «stalking» and «stalking» in this article are equivalent.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».