Trifolium subterraneum as a potential nurse plant for restoring soil and Mediterranean grasslands after quarry exploitation in Lebanon
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Destruction of Mediterranean herbaceous communities resulting from quarry exploitation exacerbates the need for their ecological restoration. By facilitating the growth and development of other plant species, nurse plants can be used to speed up regeneration processes. Nevertheless, differences in soil properties and co-existing species may change plant interactions from facilitation to competition. This study evaluated interactions of a potential nurse species, Trifolium subterraneum L., in a 2-years ex situ mesocosm experiment. During the first year, soils collected from a former quarry and a nearby dry-grassland were planted in pots with T. subterraneum alone or with four individuals of four target species ( Aegilops triuncialis L., Echinops viscosus L., Eryngium creticum Lam., Hyoscyamus aureus L.) characteristics of Mediterranean grasslands. In the second year, the same experiment was repeated following the incorporation of dried T. subterraneum biomass into the soil. Soil analyses were done before initiating the experiment from both reference and degraded soil, after the first and the second growing season. Index of Relative Interaction Intensity (RII) was calculated for several plant traits enabling the measuring of the plants' competitive ability. Our results show that, before starting the experiment, soils collected from both the reference and degraded sites were significantly different (e.g. CEC, pH, P 2 O 5 , MgO, N, C, Clay). These differences were still notable throughout the first growing season. Nevertheless, after the second growing season and whendried. T. subterraneum biomass was incorporated into the soil, a significant increase in soil fertility (e.g. N, C, C:N, P 2 O 5 ) was measured. For plants, during the first growing season, RII figures amidst competition dominating interactions. Facilitation was apparent only between the biomass of T. subterraneum pure seed mix in both degraded and reference soil. During the second growing season, T. subterraneum also performed better alone, especially on degraded soils. Nevertheless, because of its facilitative effects on biomass and surface cover when cultivated as a pure stand, T. subterraneum can be recommended as a nurse species for re-establishing soil fertility of degraded quarries as a first step of ecological restoration. • Destruction of Mediterranean grasslands needs sustainable habitat restoration. • Nurse plants can be used to speed up soil and plant regeneration processes. • Trifolium subterraneum L. (Fabaceae) has been tested as a potential nurse plant. • T. subterraneum shows only facilitative effects on itself when cultivated as a pure stand. • T. subterraneum can be recommended as a nature based solution for restoring only soil fertility.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».