Editorial introductions

Current Opinion in Pediatrics was launched in 1989. It is one of a successful series of review journals whose unique format is designed to provide a systematic and critical assessment of the literature as presented in the many primary journals. The fields of pediatrics are divided into 18 sections that are reviewed once a year. Each section is assigned a Section Editor, a leading authority in the area, who identifies the most important topics at that time. Here we are pleased to introduce the Journal's Section Editors for this issue. SECTION EDITORS Jean KligJean KligJean E. Klig, MD is the Director for Undergraduate Education in the Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine at the Massachusetts General Hospital, USA and an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine at Harvard Medical School, USA. She earned her medical degree at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA in 1988, and completed her internship and residency in pediatrics at Children's Hospital Boston, USA. Following residency, she completed her fellowship in pediatric emergency medicine at Children's Hospital Oakland, USA. Dr Klig then joined the Department of Pediatrics at Yale University School of Medicine, USA, as faculty in the Pediatric Emergency Department of the Children's Hospital at Yale-New Haven from its opening in 1993 until 2004. During this time, she contributed to the development of a pediatric emergency medicine clinical service and held an array of roles in medical education, including early simulation-based teaching, at the graduate and undergraduate levels. Dr Klig returned to Boston and continued her work in medical education focusing on clinical skills development and simulation-based teaching at the undergraduate and graduate levels. She joined the Harvard-Macy International educator course faculty in 2008, where she continues to serve on the strategic planning committee, lead the microteaching program, and co-lead the faculty development team. Dr Klig served as the Associate Chief of Pediatric Emergency Services (2008 - 2018), followed by expansion of her role in undergraduate education at Harvard Medical School, where she now serves as senior Core Clinical Skills Assessment Faculty and lead faculty for the Harvard Medical School Course Directors Leadership Institute. On a national level, Dr Klig recently co-chaired the Pediatric Emergency Medicine Education Research and Scholarship Consensus session and report for the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine. Dr Klig lectures nationally and internationally on pediatric emergency medicine and medical education. Oliver KaramOliver KaramDr Oliver Karam is a Professor of Pediatrics and Chief of the Section of Critical Care Medicine at Yale, New Haven, USA. He received his MD degree from the University of Geneva, Switzerland, in 2002, followed by clinical training in Pediatrics (2007) at the University of Geneva and a fellowship in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (2010) at the University of Montreal, Canada. He further pursued a Master's in Epidemiology in Montreal and a Ph.D. in Clinical Research (2017) at the University of Lille, France. After completing his fellowship, Dr Karam joined Geneva University Hospital, where he served as PICU medical director and fellowship program director. In 2017, he moved to Richmond, Virginia, USA where he was appointed Division Chief in 2019. In 2022, he joined Yale as Section Chief. Dr Karam's research advances the care of critically ill children, particularly those requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. His research spans several critical areas in pediatric critical care, with a focus on optimizing transfusion and anticoagulation strategies for patients on extracorporeal life support. He co-leads ECSTATIC, the largest international randomized trial on platelet transfusions in ECMO patients, encompassing 90 sites across 15 countries, to establish evidence-based transfusion guidelines. His work also advances anticoagulation strategies and monitoring, evaluating both established and novel therapies to achieve a precise balance between bleeding and clotting risks. Beyond the medical aspects, he investigates the psychological toll of ECMO on families, identifying risk factors for PTSD, anxiety, and depression and developing interventions to support parents through this challenging experience. Dr Karam has published over 175 peer-reviewed articles, serves as an expert on international panels (e.g., Surviving Sepsis), and reviews grants for the NIH and the French Ministry of Health. David N CornfieldDavid N CornfieldDavid N. Cornfield earned a medical degree from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Wisconsin, USA (1986) and completed residency at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri, USA where he was recognized as the Most Outstanding House Officer and Chief Resident (1989). He later completed his fellowship in both pediatric pulmonology and critical care medicine at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver Children's and National Jewish Hospital, Denver, USA (1993). Cornfield was appointed the first holder of the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professorship in Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine at Stanford University School of Medicine in December 2005. He is director of the Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, and chief of the division of pediatric pulmonary, asthma, and sleep medicine at Stanford University, USA. Prior to joining the faculty of Stanford University, David served as professor of pediatrics, physiology, and surgery at the University of Minnesota Medical School, USA and Division Director of Pediatric Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, interim head of the Department of Pediatrics, and as the Associate Dean for Research. At Stanford University, Dr Cornfield led the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine from 2006 through 2015, Dr Cornfield's basic science research focuses on pulmonary vascular development, alveolarization, and the molecular mechanisms underlying oxygen sensing. His research has provided insight into the fundamental biology of the transition of pulmonary circulation at birth, determinants of pulmonary vascular tone, and lung development. Dr Cornfield's laboratory has been continuously funded by the National Institutes of Health for more than 25 years. Ongoing research includes the transcriptomics of the developing lung using single cell RNA sequencing, uterine contractility in term and preterm labor, regulation of pulmonary vascular tone, and lung barrier function. Clinical and translational research has included work on inhaled nitric oxide, acute lung injury in infants and children, non-invasive approaches to detect organ rejection, the lung microbiome in cystic fibrosis, remote monitoring of asthma, design and creation of low-cost mechanical ventilator, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), violence prevention in developing countries, microlending in Africa, and training and retaining physician-scientists in pediatrics. Dr Cornfield has been the PI of an NIH training grant in pulmonary biology since 2014. Dr Cornfield is an active member of the American Pediatric Society (APS), American Thoracic Society, Society for Pediatric Research (SPR), American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and American Physiological Society, and served previously as President of the SPR. He serves on the editorial boards of the American Journal of Physiology, Pediatrics, Scientific Reports, and Pulmonary Circulation. He served as a regular member of study sections of the NIH (NHLBI, NICHD), the March of Dimes, and the American Heart Association (AHA) and as a member of the AAP pediatric education committee, Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) advocacy committee, and the Federation of Pediatric Organizations task force on training and scholarship. Dr Cornfield is committed to training the next generation of physician-scientists and is a founding co-Director of the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Physician-Scientist Training Program and Director of the Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance Physician-Scientist Fellowship Program. Dr Cornfield is the recipient of numerous professional honors including the Daniel C. Darrow Award from Children's Mercy Hospital, the Richard B. Rowe Award for outstanding achievements in perinatal cardiology from the SPR, the Established-Investigator and Clinician-Scientist Awards from the AHA, and Clinician of the Year Award from the University of Minnesota Medical School and has been recognized annually as an Outstanding Faculty Educator at Stanford University, a “Top Pediatrician” and “Best Doctor.” Henry H BernsteinHenry H BernsteinDr Bernstein is a Professor of Pediatrics at Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell in New York, USA. He taps into his extensive 40–year experience as a general pediatrician in private practice, the National Health Service Corps, and as Chief of General Academic Pediatrics at urban, suburban, and rural children's hospitals to promote the health and well-being of children, their families, and their communities. His private, community-based primary care (generalist) experiences in combination with academic leadership responsibilities have provided him with a value-added, translational science perspective, unique from many others in academia. This tacit knowledge enables him to fulfil a lifelong passion of communicating, educating, and translating science into clinical settings, educational venues, policymaking, and media interactions to advance the health of children. Research is consistently woven into the fabric of Dr Bernstein's clinical practice, which has served as a “laboratory” for his active studies. His research and quality improvement initiatives focus on issues important to Academic General Pediatrics and community-based practice, including immunizations, infectious diseases, postpartum newborn discharge, childhood obesity, breastfeeding, health promotion, preventive health screening in primary care, technology and medical education. His commitment, innovative spirit, and enthusiasm also encompass many facets of medical education along the continuum from training and mentoring future physicians to fostering lifelong learning and supporting the continuous professional development of practicing pediatricians. Dr Bernstein is a voting member of the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee (VRBPAC) and a former voting member of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice (ACIP). He serves as a consultant on the ACIP COVID-19, Influenza, and the Combined Adult and Pediatric Immunization Schedules workgroups. He also is an ex-officio member of the American Academy of Pediatrics’ (AAP) Committee on Infectious Diseases (Red Book Committee) and was Associate Editor of the AAP's Red Book Online for 13 years. In addition, he is Editor-in-Chief Emeritus of PediaLink, the AAP's online home for lifelong learning, and past Chair of the interdisciplinary Bright Futures Health Promotion Workgroup, which created a distinctive health promotion curriculum, videos, and a companion educational website (www.pediatricsinpractice.org). Dr Bernstein has been Editor of the Office Pediatrics Series in Current Opinion in Pediatrics since 1995 and was Senior Editor of Pediatrics on the public website of Harvard Medical School's Health Publications Division for 17 years. He regularly shares his knowledge and expertise by educating the public, writing for health information websites and often participating in media interviews on a variety of pediatric health care issues including immunizations, diagnosis and treatment of common childhood infectious diseases and conditions, and practical information for parents, teachers and caregivers. In the spirit of lifelong learning, Dr Bernstein earned a Masters in Healthcare Management (MHCM) at Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, USA in 2013 and has been a faculty member in this Executive Education Masters degree program since. He actively maintains his certification by the American Board of Pediatrics. He completed his residency training in Pediatrics at St. Christopher's Hospital for Children in Philadelphia, USA after earning his medical degree from the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - School of Osteopathic Medicine, USA. Hank and his wife, Sophie, have been married for 44 years, are extremely proud of their 40-year-old daughter, Lauren, and 34-year-old son, David, and are “over the moon” with their 2 granddaughters, Eva and Vienne, and their grandson Nico.

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