Improving Suicidal Ideation Detection in Social Media Posts: Topic Modeling and Synthetic Data Augmentation Approach
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background In an era dominated by social media conversations, it is pivotal to comprehend how suicide, a critical public health issue, is discussed online. Discussions around suicide often highlight a range of topics, such as mental health challenges, relationship conflicts, and financial distress. However, certain sensitive issues, like those affecting marginalized communities, may be underrepresented in these discussions. This underrepresentation is a critical issue to investigate because it is mainly associated with underserved demographics (eg, racial and sexual minorities), and models trained on such data will underperform on such topics. Objective The objective of this study was to bridge the gap between established psychology literature on suicidal ideation and social media data by analyzing the topics discussed online. Additionally, by generating synthetic data, we aimed to ensure that datasets used for training classifiers have high coverage of critical risk factors to address and adequately represent underrepresented or misrepresented topics. This approach enhances both the quality and diversity of the data used for detecting suicidal ideation in social media conversations. Methods We first performed unsupervised topic modeling to analyze suicide-related data from social media and identify the most frequently discussed topics within the dataset. Next, we conducted a scoping review of established psychology literature to identify core risk factors associated with suicide. Using these identified risk factors, we then performed guided topic modeling on the social media dataset to evaluate the presence and coverage of these factors. After identifying topic biases and gaps in the dataset, we explored the use of generative large language models to create topic-diverse synthetic data for augmentation. Finally, the synthetic dataset was evaluated for readability, complexity, topic diversity, and utility in training machine learning classifiers compared to real-world datasets. Results Our study found that several critical suicide-related topics, particularly those concerning marginalized communities and racism, were significantly underrepresented in the real-world social media data. The introduction of synthetic data, generated using GPT-3.5 Turbo, and the augmented dataset improved topic diversity. The synthetic dataset showed levels of readability and complexity comparable to those of real data. Furthermore, the incorporation of the augmented dataset in fine-tuning classifiers enhanced their ability to detect suicidal ideation, with the F1-score improving from 0.87 to 0.91 on the University of Maryland Reddit Suicidality Dataset test subset and from 0.70 to 0.90 on the synthetic test subset, demonstrating its utility in improving model accuracy for suicidal narrative detection. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that synthetic datasets can be useful to obtain an enriched understanding of online suicide discussions as well as build more accurate machine learning models for suicidal narrative detection on social media.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,003 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».