Sustainable Nanoparticle Synthesis Using <i>Tinospora cordifolia</i> (Giloy) Leaves Extracts: Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy Against MultiDrug Resistant Bacteria and Optical Features
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Sustainable synthesis, also known as environmentally benign synthesis, of nanoparticles, presents an energy and resource-efficient approach for the development of nanoparticles to advanced materials with considerable biomedical potential. This study focuses on the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) leaves, aqueous extract as a natural strengthening and stabilizing and natural reducing agent. The bioactive compounds present in the leaves extract facilitated the reduction of zinc ions (Zn2+) to ZnO nanoparticles under optimized reaction conditions. For the characterization of nanoparticles, analytical tools were used like UV-Vis spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the size of nanoparticles, their morphology, and crystalline structure. Green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticle's optical properties and their energy band gap were evaluated, which revealed an energy band gap of approximately 3.12 eV, which suggests their efficiency for photocatalytic and biomedical applications. The antimicrobial potential of the green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles was assessed against a pathogen associated with waterborne infections which is Aeromonas hydrophila, showcasing multidrug-resistant (MDR) activity. The nanoparticles exhibited significant biocidal activity, with a zone of inhibition that is directly correlated to the size of nanoparticles and their concentration. The effectiveness of antimicrobial activity is attributed to the unique physicochemical properties of the ZnO nanoparticles, including a high surface area and size-dependent reactivity, which increases their interaction with bacterial cell membranes. This study brings to light the potential of Tinospora cordifolia-mediated green synthesis of ZnO which is a renewable and competent method for producing biofunctional ZnO nanoparticles. The encouraging antimicrobial activity, coupled with their tunable optical properties, positions these nanoparticles as valuable agents in combating multidrug-resistant bacteria, with further applications in nanomedicine, biosensing, and environmental remediation technologies. Received: 20 December 2024 | Revised: 26 March 2025 | Accepted: 16 April 2025 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement The data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study. Author Contribution Statement Jyoti Jaglan: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing, Supervision. Anshu Jaglan: Methodology, Validation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing, Project administration. Bajinder Singh: Formal analysis, Resources. Harsh Jaglan: Software, Formal analysis, Resources, Data curation, Visualization. Preeti Jaglan: Validation, Investigation. Savita Jaglan: Investigation, Writing – original draft. Monika Barala: Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Visualization, Project administration.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,005 | 0,004 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».