Sex-specific inclusion of patients with cardiovascular disease in exercise research in Canada: a rapid review
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Background In the past decade, global recommendations have been released to address the under-representation of females in science, such as the guidelines for sex and gender considerations in research released by the Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) in 2010. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality globally and the second most frequent cause of death in Canada. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a class 1 recommendation for the management of CVD, yet lower enrollment and adherence rates to CR for females compared to males have been reported. To date, the proportion of females compared to males with CVD included in exercise-based clinical trials is unknown. CR strategies are currently based on data from predominately males and imposed upon females, limiting our ability to optimize these programs for females. Purpose We performed a rapid review to assess the proportion of females and males with CVD included in exercise-related research in Canada. Methods Randomized trials assessing any structured exercise program (≥4weeks) in adults with CVD were included. A peer-reviewed search was conducted on February 28, 2024 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for Canadian trials examining exercise for managing CVD. Chi-square and Pearson’s tests were used to evaluate sex-specific inclusion. Results The search identified 12,290 relevant studies, of which 213 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 30 papers were retrieved. A total of 2,339 participants were included in the analysis, of which 48% had coronary heart disease, and 56% of studies were conducted in Ontario, Canada. Over a decade since the CIHR recommendations were released, fewer females than males were included in exercise studies (n = 792 [34%] vs. n = 1,547 [66%]; P<0.001). Their participation in trials has not increased over the past 10 years (range: 11-56%; r=0.59; P=0.056). Interventions ranged from 1-5x/wk for 12-26wk at moderate-to-vigorous-intensity (23-60min/session) predominantly including standard CR programs (combined aerobic and resistance exercise; n=19 studies). Conclusion Despite recommendations aiming for sex equality, we found that females with CVD represented only 34% of patients included in Canadian exercise trials. Targeted strategies such as identifying and addressing sex-specific exercise barriers may enhance the inclusion of females in exercise research.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,030 | 0,111 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,011 | 0,008 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,027 | 0,027 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,007 | 0,004 |
| Science ouverte | 0,003 | 0,003 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,006 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».