The invasive effect of Solidago canadensis L. on the structural characteristics of soil nematode communities in the ecosystems of the eu-mesophytic meadows
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Aim. To compare the eco-trophic structure of soil nematode communities in the ecosystems of the eu-mesophytic meadows in plots non-invaded and invaded by Solidago canadensis L. Methods. Soil samples from the rhizosphere of native meadow plants and those with S. canadensis were collected in September 2021 in two meadow ecosystems located on the outskirts of the villages Shostovytsia and Ladinka of the Chernihiv region. The nematodes were extracted by a modified Baermann's method from the 20 g samples. The exposure time was 48 h. The extracted nematodes were fixed in the triethanolamine–formalin (TAF, 2 % triethanolamine, 7 % formaldehyde solution, 91 % water), and mounted on the temporary hydroglyceric slides. The nematode abundance was expressed as specimens per 100 g of dry soil. The following parameters were analysed: abundance, taxonomic composition, dominance, trophic structure of soil nematode communities. The taxonomic wealth index, Menhinick's, Berger–Parker indexes, Jaccarda's index of similarity, and the maturity index were also calculated. Results. The average abundance of nematodes in the soil nematode communities was 1,075 individuals/100 g in the rhizosphere of native meadow plants and 636 individuals/100 g in the rhizosphere of S. canadensis. A total of 52 species were identified in the soil of meadow ecosystems: 44 — in the non-invaded plots and 29 — in the invaded plots; Menhinick's diversity index was 1.34 and 1.15, respectively. The taxonomic wealth index of nematode communities in the rhizosphere of native plants was also higher — ST = 116; in the rhizosphere of Canadian goldenrod — ST=84. Such families as Tylenchidae, Cephalobidae, Tylencholaimidae and Panagrolaimidae were more numerous in the soil samples of the native meadow plants (25 %, 18.4 %, 12.9 %, 10.3 % of the total number, respectively). Paratylenchidae, Tylenchidae, Cephalobidae and Aphelenchidae were more numerous in the plots with S. canadensis (37.1 %, 15.1 %, 14.3 %, 10.1 %, respectively). The taxonomic wealth index was higher in non-invaded plots (2.98) than those, invaded by Canadian goldenrod (2.75). The bacterivores and fungivores predominated quantitatively in nematode communities in the rhizosphere of native meadow plants. The proportion in the community amounted to 76.4 %. The plant parasites and fungivores were the most numerous in the plots with S. canadensis. The abundance of nematodes in other tropic groups were limited or not affected. Conclusions. It was determined that the species wealth and abundance, the taxonomic and trophic diversity of soil nematode communities were lower in the plots with the invasion by Canadian goldenrod. The abundance of plant parasites was higher (2.3 times); the ratio of fungivores to bacterivores was also higher in the invaded plots (1.2 times). The maturity index was lower in the invaded plots compared to the non-invaded ones (2.1 and 2.4) which demonstrates a more disturbed environmental conditions in the plots of the meadow with the invasion of the S. canadensis. The studies emphasize the need to monitor invasive species and develop strategies for their control in order to preserve soil biodiversity and support sustainable grassland management.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».