Single and side-by-side high voltage powerlines cause similar rates of fatal bird collisions in southern Quebec, Canada, during fall migration
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Significant declines in bird populations have occurred since the 1970s in North America. Quantifying the effects of anthropogenic disturbances that cause direct mortalities may prove useful to mitigate further declines. We examined the collision mortality rate between birds and powerlines during fall migration in an area that supports a great abundance of waterfowl and numerous powerlines. Four rights of way were selected to carry out the collision mortality surveys in southern Quebec, Canada. We searched 7.2 km of rights of way, on average, every week for 4 weeks, during two consecutive years. We also quantified three biases that may underestimate the number of fatal bird collisions: scavenger (removal of carcasses by scavengers), observer (carcasses not detected by observers), and injury (carcasses not found due to injured birds flying too far away from the powerline to be detected). Twenty-nine carcasses were found and considered as collisions in 2018 and 2019. Nine were waterfowl carcasses, eight were aquatic birds, ten were passerines, one was a dove and another was a woodpecker. Observer detection was estimated to be 64% and the results indicate that scavenger and injury biases were null. We found no significant difference in collision rate between single and side-by-side powerline configurations (0.33 and 0.37 collisions per km-week) which means building powerlines next to each other to reduce land use fragmentation does not increase the number of collisions. This aspect could have important implications for bird conservation as many power companies favor building powerlines next to each other. No collision rate could be calculated specifically for waterfowl due to the absence of fresh carcasses during the survey periods. Given the absence of many nonresident species during six or more months of the year, the collision mortality rates observed for this group appear to be low despite the high seasonal influx of waterfowl during the fall. We suggest future research should focus on quantifying the large-scale effects of powerline collisions on small birds because this mortality cause may add to other already well-documented ones such as cats and window collisions.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».