A water quality snapshot of Grafton Lake, Bowen Island
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Water is essential for life, and steps are needed to understand, protect and restore its health throughout British Columbia (BC). The Raincoast Healthy Waters program (Raincoast Conservation Foundation) was launched in 2023 and conducts community-oriented water pollution monitoring in partnering BC watersheds. The Healthy Waters team conducted a one-time visit to sample water at the outflow from Grafton Lake on Bowen Island (Figure 1), BC, on October 8, 2024. This ‘snapshot’ assessment was used to compare against the more comprehensive sampling done in other watersheds, and contributes to an understanding of threats to water quality, monitoring options and action priorities for the community. The composite sample was analysed for coliform, nutrients (6), physical parameters, metals (37), pesticides (62), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; 76), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs; 141), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs; 209), alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs; 4), bisphenols (BPs; 6), per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS; 40), and sucralose. Results for the tire chemical breakdown product 6PPD-Quinone are pending. Results from Grafton Lake were compared to samples collected from source water (i.e. above built-up environments and generally an upstream reference sample for the watershed) in 12 other BC watersheds. Results were also compared to pertinent Drinking Water Quality Guidelines from Health Canada (n=35), Environmental Quality Guidelines from BC (n=56), the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (n=43), and Federal Environmental Quality Guidelines (n=7). We detected 125 contaminants out of 587 measured in Grafton Lake, excluding nutrients, fecal coliform and physical parameters. Grafton Lake ranked 8th most contaminated overall out of 21 source water samples from 12 watersheds in BC. This ranking was driven by relatively high concentrations of the human waste tracer sucralose (ranked 1 of 21), PCBs (3 of 21), PAHs (3 of 21), PPCPs (6 of 21), and PFAS (6 of 21). There were no exceedances of available Drinking Water Guidelines (for which we have Guidelines for just 6% of our analytes) or Environmental Quality Guidelines (for which we have Guidelines for just 10% of our analytes). This lake is an important source of drinking water for Bowen island, as well as habitat for coho salmon and cutthroat trout. A combination of human waste and atmospheric deposition of pollutants into a relatively shallow lake (average depth 8.8 m; maximum depth 16 m; perimeter 14.7 km2) appear to be driving water quality profiles in Grafton Lake. These initial findings point to the value of monitoring and enhanced protection measures for this important water body on Bowen Island, which serves people, fish and wildlife.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,078 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».