Cycling infrastructure as a determinant of cycling for recreation and transportation in Montréal, Canada: a natural experiment using the longitudinal national population health survey
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
BACKGROUND: Cycling is associated with numerous health benefits. Evidence suggests that new cycling infrastructure leads to increases in cycling, though studies of network-level changes are lacking. The objective of this study was to determine the longitudinal effect of cycling infrastructure on cycling engagement among adults living in Montréal, Canada. METHODS: Using data from the National Population Health Survey (1994-2011), this study included adults who resided in the Montréal Census Metropolitan Area for a minimum of two survey cycles (N = 779). Outcomes included self-reported any cycling (transportation or recreation) and time in recreational cycling (minutes/week). Archival maps describing temporal changes in the cycling network for five-year intervals (1991-2011) were classified using the Canadian Bikeway Comfort and Safety Classification System (Can-BICS). Three cycling exposures were calculated from the centroid of each dissemination area: (1) distance to the nearest cycling path categorized by Can-BICS comfort-level (low, medium or high), (2) presence of cycle paths of each comfort level within distance thresholds (low = 321 m, medium = 623 m, high = 1790 m), and (3) density of cycle paths within a 1000 m buffer. Mixed effects logistic regression models estimated associations between cycling infrastructure and any cycling. Linear mixed effects models estimated associations between cycling infrastructure and time spent in recreational cycling. RESULTS: Over the study period, low- and medium-comfort cycle paths were more prevalent than high-comfort paths and cycling for recreation was more common than cycling for transportation. Exposure to high-comfort paths within an acceptable distance (< 1790 m) was associated with higher odds of any cycling (aOR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.00-1.63). Cumulative exposure to medium-comfort paths within an acceptable distance (< 623 m) was associated with greater time spent in recreational cycling (β = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03-0.16). Gender-stratified analyses suggested that cumulative exposures to low- and medium-comfort infrastructure within distance thresholds was associated with time spent in recreational cycling (low: β = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.00-0.12, medium: β = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04-0.22,) among women. No significant effects were observed for distance to the nearest cycling infrastructure for either outcome. Density was not examined in models due to low variation with most buffers having no cycling infrastructure. CONCLUSIONS: This research provides evidence that cycle paths, especially of higher comfort and safety, can promote cycling. Future work is needed to explore cumulative exposures to cycling infrastructure, taking into consideration connectivity of networks, integrated public transport, and accessibility to work.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,004 | 0,004 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,004 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».