Sexual and reproductive health in Pakistan: a qualitative exploratory study of gender roles, family planning and adolescent health in Chitral, Gilgit-Baltistan and Sindh
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Introduction: Sexual and reproductive health has been gaining more and more attention due to its all-encompassing definitions and inclusivity of all people, including the marginalised. However, social taboos, lack of political will, broken healthcare system, and sociocultural and economic factors continue to stand as barriers to normalising sexual and reproductive health. This paper explores this topic through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews (IDIs) (exploring both through FGD and direct view from IDIs) in Chitral, Gilgit-Baltistan and Sindh, Pakistan. Methodology: This qualitative study was conducted using a descriptive exploratory approach. The target population comprised community members from two districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Upper and Lower Chitral-as well as two districts in Sindh and six districts in Gilgit-Baltistan. These groups included married adults (aged 18-51), adolescent girls and boys (aged 14-21) and healthcare workforce members. 57 FGDs were conducted with the community and healthcare professionals between October 2020 and December 2020. A purposive sampling technique was used to identify participants, and data analysis was conducted simultaneously with data collection. Consent was obtained from each participant. Qualitative thematic analysis was conducted to identify key themes, through using manual method and NVivo. Results: Identified themes include gender inequality, adolescent health, family planning, maternal health and sexual and reproductive health. Discussion: Gender inequality in Chitral and Sindh, Pakistan, significantly impacts gaps in the healthcare system, adolescent health, sexual and reproductive health, maternal health, and family planning. The lack of access to healthcare in Chitral and rural Sindh, coupled with gender inequality, significantly impacts family planning. The limited availability of modern contraception and secondary family planning education worsens these difficulties. It will take a broad strategy to address these problems, including initiatives to promote access to family planning services, boost access to education for girls and strengthen the healthcare system in the region. Conclusions: There is a need to take a multidimensional approach that promotes women's empowerment, community involvement and focused investments in healthcare facilities and services to address gender disparity and improve access to healthcare. To accomplish these objectives, it is essential to increase educational accessibility, support gender-sensitive policies and initiatives and invest in the training of the healthcare workforce.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,006 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».