Association of sleep spindle activity with executive functioning and intellectual ability in children and adolescents
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Sleep spindles have been studied as an underlying mechanism of cognition. Prior research primarily relied on experimental studies of selective samples of healthy youth. We tested the relationship between spindle activity and cognition in youth from the general population. METHODS: Eight hundred and ninety-two sleep electroencephalographies (EEGs) from 9-hour polysomnography were leveraged from 456 typically developing children (median 8 years), and 258 typically developing adolescents (median 16 years) and youth with unmedicated psychiatric/behavioral disorders (89 children; 89 adolescents). Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models examined associations between sleep spindle density (SSD; number/minute) and peak spindle frequency (PSF; 10-16 Hz range) during N2 with Wechsler indices of processing speed, working memory, verbal intelligence, and nonverbal intelligence. We first analyzed typically developing and unmedicated psychiatric/behavioral youth, followed by an analysis of the 47 unmedicated attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subgroup. RESULTS: In typically developing children, higher SSD and PSF were associated with better working memory and verbal intelligence. In adolescents, higher SSD was associated with better working memory and nonverbal intelligence, while slower PSF was associated with better nonverbal intelligence. Longitudinally, higher childhood SSD was associated with better adolescent nonverbal intelligence among typically developing youth. In youth with unmedicated psychiatric/behavioral disorders, spindle-cognition associations were lost, except in ADHD, where higher childhood SSD and slower adolescent PSF supported working memory. CONCLUSION: Sleep spindles may serve as a biomarker for neural and cognitive maturation, with developmental differences reflecting key brain maturational changes from childhood to adolescence. While altered in unmedicated psychiatric/behavioral disorders, lower-frequency spindles may provide a protective mechanism for working memory in adolescents with ADHD. Statement of Significance Sleep spindles occur as bursts of activity in the sigma-frequency range during non-rapid eye movement sleep. Due to their thalamocortical origin, spindles have been linked to cognitive functioning. We examined spindle activity in typically developing youth and unmedicated youth with psychiatric/behavioral disorders. In typically developing children, higher spindle density was associated with better verbal intelligence and, as they transitioned to adolescence, with better nonverbal intelligence. In unmedicated children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), lower-frequency spindles were associated with better working memory in adolescence. Sleep spindles promote neural plasticity for cognitive growth, with reduced impact in later developmental stages reflecting matured neural pathways. In youth with ADHD, sleep spindles may serve a protective role in mitigating cognitive deficits over time.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».