Molecular epidemiology, coinfection, and diversity of enteroviruses detected in respiratory samples collected from patients with influenza-like illness in Hangzhou, China, in 2023
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The coronavirus pandemic in China ended in 2022, and stringent control measures were lifted in 2023. This study investigated the pathogen and endemic characteristics of enteroviruses (EVs) in patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) in Hangzhou, China, in 2023, providing a foundation for the prevention and control of EV infections. Throughout 2023, 3,480 throat swab samples were collected from hospitals across Hangzhou. Among these, 130 were positive for EVs, with a positivity rate of 3.74%. Successful sequencing and typing were achieved for 91 cases (70.00%, 91/130), which included four enterovirus A (EV-A), three enterovirus B (EV-B), and one enterovirus D (EV-D) species. EV-A was predominant in 94.51% (86/91) of the samples, followed by EV-B (4.40%, 4/91) and EV-D (1.10%, 1/91). Notably, coxsackievirus A6 was the dominant genotype detected, accounting for 60.44% (55/91) of the samples. Coinfection with 12 distinct non-EV respiratory pathogens was also observed in a significant proportion (75.82%, 69/91) of the samples. Summer and autumn represented peak periods for EV circulation, and children < 8 years of age constituted the primary demographic group affected. There were no sex-based differences in the positivity rate of EV detection (χ²=0.258, P = 0.655). Phylogenetic analyses based on partial VP1 sequences revealed that each representative strain clustered with its corresponding reference strain. Isolated CV-A4 strains were classified within subgenotype C2, CV-A6 strains within subgenotype D3, and CV-A10 strains within subgenotype C1. In conclusion, EV infections among ILI cases in Hangzhou during 2023 peaked in summer and autumn (July and October), with CV-A6 emerging as the predominant type. Children aged 0–7 years constituted the primary risk group for EV infection, with no significant sex-based differences observed. Incorporating EV screening into influenza sentinel surveillance would enhance understanding of endemic trends and pathogen characteristics in ILI patients, thereby informing evidence-based prevention policies. 1. Overall, 130 EV strains were detected in patients with influenza-like illness, and 91 strains were identified as having determined genotypes. 2. CV-A6 was the most prevalent type in 2023, followed by CV-A4. 3. EV endemics occurred mainly in the summer and autumn of 2023. 4. Children aged 0–7 years constitute the key population for the prevention and control of EV infection. 5. This study revealed 12 distinct respiratory pathogen types that exhibited coinfection with EVs.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».