Metal Ions for Modulation and Direction of Supramolecular Structures in Protein‐ and Protein-inspired Materials
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The remarkable properties of many biological materials are often obtained by a combination of smart chemical and hierarchical design. These ‘designs’ provide the basis for the world as we know it, both through the evolution of organisms but also by providing inspiration for the very first and many contemporary engineers. However, even with the tools we have today, enabling the study of nature at the molecular and even atomic scale, many of the functions and mechanisms accomplished by advanced biological systems remain a secret. In the recent years, it has become clear that such functions and mechanisms rely on synergistic effects that cannot be measured on or obtained by the involved components in isolation. An example of biological materials, in which the structure and function are known to be highly dependent on such synergistic effects, is in proteins and in particular enzymes. Synergistic effects in proteins are obtained by variations in the properties of the amino acids of which the proteins are built. Some of the amino acids are known to interact with metal ions, whose presence and properties have been found to play an important role in both structural direction and catalytic activity of many proteins. Based on this, the work presented in this thesis seeks to contribute to the understanding of how such complex synergies are constructed by studying the interactions of metal ions in protein- and protein-inspired materials. The majority of the work presented here are biomimetic polymer gels inspired by the versatile chemistry of the proteins in the blue mussel byssus. The exact mechanisms of byssus formation are yet to be determined, but there is a broad consensus within the field that polyphenolic amino acids are involved in both the adhesive, cohesive and self-healing properties, with the last two involving chelation of ferric ions. Herein, the versatile chemistry of polyphenolic species has been utilized to obtain responsive, self-healing materials with interesting, tunable properties and various application fields, through careful material design and synthesis. In addition to providing a platform for design of smart synthetic materials, studies of such model systems offer insight to how some of the synergistic effects in biological materials might function. The remainder of the presented work is concerned with the modulation of gelatin properties by metal ion interactions. These studies might not be directly usable for construction of new material; however, studies like these are important for our understanding of physical and supramolecular interactions and how these are affected/modulated by their surroundings.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».