Injury patterns in motor vehicle collision-adult pedestrian deaths
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Objectives To describe fatal pedestrian injury patterns in adults 25–64 years old and correlate them with motor vehicle collision (MVC) dynamics and pedestrian kinematics using medicolegal death investigations data of MVCs occurring in the current Canadian MV fleet.Methods MVC-pedestrian injuries were collated in an Injury Data Collection Form (IDCF) and coded using the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 2015 revision. The AIS of the most frequent severe injury was noted for individual body regions. The Maximum AIS (MAIS) was used to define the most severe injury to the body overall and by body regions (MAISBR). This study focused on serious to maximal injuries (AIS 3–6), that had an increasing likelihood of causing death. The IDCF was used to extract collision and injury data from the Office of the Chief Coroner for Ontario database of postmortem examinations done at the Provincial Forensic Pathology Unit in Toronto, Canada and other provincial facilities between 2013 and 2019. Injury data were correlated with data about the MVs, and MV dynamics and pedestrian kinematics. The study was approved by the Western University Health Science Research Ethics Board.Results There were 318 adults: 200 (62.9%) males and 118 (37.1%) females. Adult pedestrians comprised 47.5% (318/670) of all autopsied pedestrians. Vehicle type was known in 292 cases, and cars (n = 99/292, 33.9%) were the most frequent type of vehicle in single vehicle impacts; however, collectively vehicles with high hood edges (i.e., greater distance between the ground and hood edge) such as light trucks, heavy trucks and buses were in the majority. Pedestrian kinematics were known in 288/299 single impact-related deaths. Forward projection (n = 113/288, 39.2%) was the most frequent type and resulted from impacts with high hood edge vehicles. Compared to car impacts, pedestrians struck by high hood edge vehicles were more likely to be runover. Based on MAISBR ≥3 injuries, the head was the most severely injured (median MAISBR = 4), followed by neck (median MAISBR = 3), thorax (median MAISBR = 4), abdomen/retroperitoneum (median MAISBR = 4) and pelvis (median MAISBR = 3). About 70% of the pedestrians were in circumstances which increased their risk of being struck. More than half (176/318, 55.3%) had a positive toxicology result. About ¼ (27.4%) had a positive blood ethanol result. Nearly all pedestrians with positive alcohol results did not have the right of way when struck.Conclusion The current study was a comprehensive analysis of fatal injury patterns and specific injuries in adult pedestrians struck by motor vehicles. By collation and analysis of comprehensive data derived from postmortem examinations, associations between injury patterns in the adult age group were correlated with a range of factors related to motor vehicle types, reflective of the current Canadian fleet, collision dynamics and pedestrian post-collision kinematics.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».