Extra virgin olive oil supplementation attenuates hippocampal inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity animals with a depressive phenotype
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Obesity and depression are major public health concerns that often co-occur. High-fat diets (HFD) in rodents are commonly used to model both conditions, triggering hippocampal inflammation. In this context, extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) supplementation, with its anti-obesogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties, shows potential as a therapeutic intervention. This study investigates the effects of EVOO supplementation in adult male and female rats receiving HFD. Depressive-like behavior was assessed through the Porsolt forced swim and splash tests, while neuroinflammation, activation of glial cells, and neuroplasticity-related proteins, were evaluated in the hippocampus. Our results showed that HFD induced depressive-like-behavior, which EVOO supplementation significantly alleviated by reducing immobility time and anhedonia. EVOO supplementation also reduced IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels and increased the immunocontent of neuroplasticity-related proteins in the hippocampus of female rats. In males with obesity, EVOO supplementation decreased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and IL-6 levels in the hippocampus. Additionally, EVOO decreased the immunoreactivity of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 (IBA-1) in the hippocampus of both sexes. The clustering analysis made using the behavioral and neurochemical parameters measured in these animals further highlight the effectiveness of EVOO in attenuating HFD effects on these markers, with females displaying greater heterogeneity forming four distinct clusters and males exhibiting a clearer separation between groups. These findings suggest EVOO supplementation as a promising non-pharmacological strategy to counteract factors associated with obesity and depression, particularly by modulation of hippocampal neuroinflammation, astrocytic reactivity, and neuroplasticity. Hippocampal glial cells—microglia and astrocytes—respond to dietary lipids, establishing a reactive state with the release of inflammatory cytokines and reducing synaptic plasticity. This scenario is attenuated by extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) supplementation in the hippocampus of male and female rats. Especially in females, the main compounds in EVOO act on anti-inflammatory pathways that interact strongly with estradiol receptors (ESR1 and ESR2), attenuating the inflammatory context induced by HFD. • EVOO supplementation attenuated depressive phenotype in female rats after chronic High fat diet exposure. • EVOO supplementation mitigates increased inflammatory markers in the hippocampus of male and female rats with obesity. • EVOO supplementation prevent the increased IBA-1 and TLR4 immunoreactivity in the CA1 hippocampus of rats with obesity. • EVOO supplementation increased the immunocontent of proteins related to plasticity in hippocampus, especially in females.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».