Application of Beam Spoiling for Advanced Operations of SuperDARN Radars
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) consists of around 40 monostatic over-the-horizon radars operating in the 10-18 MHz frequency band [1,2].The network represents a unique research tool for mapping plasma drifts across the mid-and high-latitude ionosphere, which characterise the solar wind-magnetosphereionosphere interactions.The standard SuperDARN radars utlise a linear phased antenna array, whose narrow transmit-receive beam consecutively samples 16-24 azimuthal directions within one minute.Such operation modes restrict the signal integration time to only a small portion of the full scan duration and perform nonsimultaneous sampling of different directions with the time offset reaching one minute.In this work, we capitalise on the advanced capabilities of the Borealis radar system, which has been recently developed by the SuperDARN Canada group at the University of Saskatchewan [3], to remove such restrictions and to improve the overall performance of SuperDARN radars.As Borealis radars utilise Software-Defined Radio hardware, they allow decoupling transmission and reception and provide flexible antenna array beamforming.We exploited these features to provide simultaneous sampling of all standard azimuthal directions.This was achieved through spoiling the transmission beam by using a non-linear phase progression along the antenna array, which resulted in a wide transmission lobe covering the conventional field of view (FOV).At the same time, the received I&Q signals were recorded for each individual antenna and then post-processed with different linear phase progressions along the antenna array to generate narrow receive beams in multiple directions [4].Such modifications provided simultaneous sampling of the whole FOV and allowed for an increase in the effective sampling rate by up to 16 times without significant deterioration of data quality.In addition, we also used the wide-beam transmission for the implementation of an efficient multistatic operation mode when ionospheric scatter signals from one radar are also received by other radars with overlapping FOVs.The multistatic propagation geometry required the development of a novel geolocation algorithm, which was based on realistic assumptions about HF propagation at high latitudes.The use of the multiple receive sites allowed for a significant increase in the spatial coverage as compared to the monostatic regime.The different propagation geometry at the additional receive sites also provided independent velocity measurements along different line-of-sight directions, thus allowing to form full Doppler velocity using only a single transmission site.Our future work will focus on radars transmitting at different frequencies so that each radar receives its own echoes as well as signals from the other radars with overlapping FOVs, thus performing both mono-and multistatic measurements from the same site.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».