Former Bundists in the administrative apparatus of the People's Commissariat of Finance of the USSR: party "purge", December 1929
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The article examines the party "purge" that took place in December 1929 in the institution that was most responsible for the implementation of the new economic policy – the People's Commissariat of Finance of the USSR (NKF). The most qualified specialists concentrated here, who tried to combine market mechanisms with a team management style without prejudice to the economy. The People's Commissariat of Finance of the USSR employed many people who were related to finance in one way or another in pre-revolutionary Russia. They were the first to be fired after the purge of the state apparatus. The party purges were different. The question of social origin was not raised here, the party commissions dealt with the ideological fluctuations of party members, and any deviation from the general line of the CPSU(b) could influence the party's decision. The literature did not pay attention to the fact that the most important departments of the People's Commissariat of Finance of the USSR were headed by people from the Bund Party. One of these departments, Gosfincontrol, was headed by the head of the Bund party from 1917 to 1921, Aron Isakovich Weinstein. The management of state taxes was headed by M. O. Lifshits, the actual management of the Planning and Economic Management of the People's Commissariat was carried out by L. G. Shanin-Shapiro. In addition, there were many people in the People's Commissariat who did not achieve much success in the administrative part, but also joined this institution, having been a member of the Bund Party in the past. Belonging to this party was not the reason for the compromise, but everyone who was concerned about these issues tried to somehow justify themselves. There was no outright anti-Semitism, but all three chief executives of the departments, despite their outstanding managerial qualities, were dismissed. They had to be replaced by less qualified staff to carry out any orders from the authorities. The return from the NEP to the practice of "war communism" led to a significant decrease in the intellectual level of the NKF of the USSR. In a certain sense, this demotion was specifically achieved by introducing "nominees" into the People's Commissariat, who, as experience has shown, could not fully replace those who were dismissed.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,003 | 0,004 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,013 | 0,006 |
| Communication savante | 0,006 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,004 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,003 | 0,006 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».