Pharmacists' clinical activities and impact on the care of incarcerated people at correctional settings : a scoping review protocol
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
INTRODUCTION: There are around 11 million people incarcerated worldwide. Due to social vulnerability and the issues surrounding the correctional system, this population is more susceptible to infectious diseases (such as HIV/AIDS, HCV, and tuberculosis) and the development of noncommunicable chronic conditions (including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and mental disorders). As part of the healthcare team, pharmacists can provide clinical services to help inmate-patients achieve optimal health outcomes while minimizing the risk of harm. OBJECTIVE: To map and synthesize the evidence regarding the clinical activities provided by pharmacists and their impact on outcomes of care for incarcerated individuals in correctional settings. MATERIALS E METHODS: This scoping review was conducted following the recommendations of the PRISMA-ScR. The search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and LILACS databases up to July 30, 2024. Gray literature was explored (Google Scholar), and references of included articles were also reviewed. Articles focusing on pharmacists' clinical activities in correctional facilities were selected, excluding survey studies, book chapters, dissertations and thesis, editorials, literature reviews, guidelines, papers published before 2000, and 1f written in languages other than English or Portuguese. Using the Rayyan QCRI software, duplicates were removed, and a first screening was conducted by two assessors independently reviewing titles and abstracts, followed by a second screening involving full-text reviews, with all disagreements resolved by the advisor. For each included article, data such as author, year, clinical activities, and the pharmacists' impact were extracted. RESULTS: The literature search identified 894 studies, leading to the inclusion of 20 articles published from 2010 to 2023 that met the criteria for||this review. All the articles included originated from high-income countries, with most articles were from the USA (65%), and some from Canada, France, and Ireland. The studies primarily involved correctional settings, at any level of structure or territorial and administrative organization, with varying population profiles, primarily adult males. Health issues focused on infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS and HCV, as well as chronic conditions such as diabetes, and mental disorders. Pharmacists conducted various clinical activities, notably medication management and patient education. Fourteen studies reported positive outcomes related to pharmacists' roles in identifying drug interactions and advising on treatments. The impact of pharmacists on care outcomes was significant, demonstrating improvements in patient health and treatment effectiveness. CONCLUSION: This scoping review highlights the role of pharmacist on the care of the incarcerated population, focusing on medication management, patient education, and collaborative practice. Pharmacist-led interventions improved health outcomes for incarcerated individuals, particularly for conditions like diabetes and HIV/AIDS, similar to those in non-incarcerated populations. It emphasizes the need for more research in low- and middle-income countries and on women's health issues and other prevalent conditions in prisons
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,077 | 0,058 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,005 | 0,005 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,012 | 0,013 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,025 | 0,017 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,004 | 0,004 |
| Communication savante | 0,008 | 0,007 |
| Science ouverte | 0,006 | 0,007 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,008 | 0,004 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,043 | 0,007 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».