Effects of Walnuts on Postprandial Cognitive Function in Adults With Subjective Cognitive Impairment: Protocol for a Randomized Crossover Trial
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
BACKGROUND: Subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), the earliest sign of cognitive decline, affects 1 in 9 Americans aged older than 45 years. It negatively affects quality of life and is a risk factor for dementia. Healthy eating is a primary preventative strategy to impede cognitive decline. In the short term, cognitive function may be impacted by the consumption of a single meal, suggesting that the meal components, and not solely the metabolic dysregulation resulting from the condition of obesity, can impact cognition. The effect of meals on postprandial cognitive function is influenced by their macronutrient composition. A meal with a low-quality fat composition can acutely impair postprandial cognitive function. Walnuts are a source of high-quality fat as well as polyphenols. Some randomized control trials have shown that walnuts may benefit cognitive function. However, it is not clear whether a single meal high in walnuts can improve cognition in adults with SCI. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of the Essential Fats for Enhancing Cognitive Thinking study is to determine the impact of walnuts on postprandial cognitive function in adults with SCI. Secondary objectives include assessing the impact of daily walnut consumption for 1 week on cognitive function and erythrocyte fatty acids. Exploratory objectives include understanding the effect of walnut consumption on microbiota and intestinal inflammation. METHODS: In this 7-week single-blind randomized crossover design study, 78 adults with SCI consumed 1 study snack per day, consisting of walnuts or a chocolate-style snack for 1 week, with a 4-week washout period between. Before consuming each study snack, participants underwent a meal challenge that included this study's snack. Before randomization, participants completed a 1-week run-in period to become acclimated to consuming 1 study snack per day. A registered dietitian nutritionist counseled participants on incorporating this study's snack into their diet while maintaining their body weight. Participants were blinded to which snack was the treatment and which was the control. Dietary intake and physical activity were measured with 24-hour recalls. Cognitive function was measured using the National Institutes of Health Toolbox for the Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function Cognitive Battery, both pre- and postprandially, as well as after 1 week of study snack consumption. Stool samples were collected weekly, except during the washout period, to measure microbiota α-diversity, β-diversity, and butyrate. Additionally, fasting blood samples, weight, and waist circumference were obtained at each study visit. RESULTS: Recruitment began in February of 2024 and was completed by May 31, 2025. CONCLUSIONS: Improving cognition through the consumption of walnuts may ultimately prove to be an effective way to mitigate SCI. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06223672; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06223672. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/82032.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,015 | 0,017 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,006 | 0,003 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,013 | 0,005 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,003 |
| Communication savante | 0,003 | 0,003 |
| Science ouverte | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,008 | 0,008 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,052 | 0,008 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».