Human development and gender inequality are associated with cardiorespiratory fitness: A global systematic review of VO2peak
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
• A global systematic review of 24 countries identifies independent associations of Human Development Index (HDI) and Gender Inequality Index (GII) with cardiorespiratory fitness across age groups and sexes. • Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O 2peak ) values are higher in countries with middle- and high-HDI compared with low-HDI settings. • Greater gender inequality (higher GII) is associated with lower V̇O 2peak in both females and males. • The largest disparities in V̇O 2peak were found in young women between low- and high-GII countries, indicating that improvements in human development particularly benefit young females. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a powerful predictor of mortality and chronic disease risk, yet global patterns and determinants of CRF remain poorly defined, particularly in females and underrepresented populations. We conducted a systematic review and quantitative synthesis of directly measured peak oxygen uptake (V̇O 2peak ) internationally and examined its association with human development and gender inequality. Studies were eligible if V̇O 2peak was assessed via direct gas analysis during maximal exercise testing, and if the countries had scores for the Human Development Index (HDI) and Gender Inequality Index (GII). Studies were identified through MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Risks of bias were assessed by an adaptation of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Multivariable linear regression models examined associations between V̇O 2peak , age, sex, exercise modality, HDI, GII, and study year. Data included 95 studies from 24 countries with HDI and GII scores, comprising 119,435 adults (42% females) with V̇O 2peak assessed via direct gas analysis during maximal exercise testing. The risk of bias was low. V̇O 2peak was positively associated with HDI ( β = 14.1) and negatively associated with GII ( β = –3.6). Slightly stronger associations were observed in females than males (HDI: β = 18.9 vs. β = 13.9, GII: β = –4.6 vs. β = –3.6). Young females in middle-HDI countries had higher V̇O 2peak than those in low-HDI countries (31.2 mL/kg/min vs . 28.5 mL/kg/min), with limited additional gains in high-HDI contexts. V̇O 2peak decreased with higher gender inequality, with the largest disparities observed in young females between high- and low-GII countries (32.8 mL/kg/min vs . 26.3 mL/kg/min). Global variation in CRF is tied to national levels of human development and gender equality. These findings support prioritizing structural and policy-level interventions that address social and gender disparities in physical activity access and health promotion. Studies from countries with lower HDI and information on ethnicity and socioeconomic status will bridge crucial gaps in understanding factors involved in global CRF levels.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,010 | 0,046 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,007 | 0,009 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,013 | 0,015 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».