Facial Feminization Surgery and Quality of Life in Transgender Women: Protocol for a Cohort Study
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
BACKGROUND: Transgender women face significant health inequities. Facial feminization surgery is an intervention that aligns craniofacial structures with female anatomical norms and gender identity. Although international studies suggest that facial feminization surgery improves psychosocial outcomes, most studies have focused on aesthetic results or relied on generic quality-of-life instruments that have not been validated for this population. In Chile, no study has evaluated the multidimensional impact of facial feminization surgery using patient-centered measures combined with objective cephalometric and photometric analyses. Moreover, no validated Spanish-language quality-of-life instrument exists for transgender women undergoing this surgery. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to (1) develop and validate a culturally appropriate quality-of-life questionnaire for transgender women undergoing facial feminization surgery in Chile, and (2) evaluate postoperative changes in quality of life, perception of facial femininity, and cephalometric and photometric parameters. METHODS: The study will include 2 methodological phases: a cross-sectional validation study and a longitudinal cohort study. Phase 1 involves questionnaire development and validation, following the COSMIN (Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments) guidelines, with a systematic literature review conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, expert panel content validation, pilot testing, and psychometric evaluation in a cohort of ≥200 transgender women. Phase 2 is a longitudinal cohort study conducted at San Juan de Dios Hospital in Santiago, Chile, following the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. Thirty transgender women scheduled for facial feminization surgery will be assessed at baseline and 12 months postoperatively. Outcomes include quality of life, self-perceived and third-party-rated femininity, and cephalometric and photometric changes (using cone beam computed tomography). Data analyses include exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach α, paired 1-tailed t tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, chi-square or Fisher tests, and linear regression models. RESULTS: This study was funded in October 2023. Phase 1 (January 2024 to January 2025) included 216 participants, exceeding the minimum sample size requirement. Data analysis is ongoing, and results will be reported separately. Phase 2 is in progress, with preoperative cone beam computed tomography scans and photographs being collected. The validated preoperative questionnaire will be administered in late 2025, with surgeries scheduled throughout 2026. Data collection is expected to conclude in 2027. CONCLUSIONS: This protocol addresses a critical evidence gap in Latin America by integrating psychometric validation and longitudinal evaluation of facial feminization surgery outcomes among transgender women in Chile. The project is expected to develop the first validated Spanish-language quality-of-life instrument specific to facial feminization surgery, alongside multidimensional evidence of surgical outcomes. The findings will inform clinical decision-making, contribute to inclusive patient-centered care, and support the development of evidence-based policies for transgender health in the region. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/75065.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,034 | 0,027 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,004 | 0,003 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,006 | 0,006 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,004 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,004 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,003 | 0,003 |
| Science ouverte | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,004 | 0,005 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,054 | 0,007 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».