ANALYSIS OF HEALTHY SHOULDER GLENOHUMERAL ARTHROKINEMATICS USING 4D CT FOR INTERNAL ROTATION AND FORWARD ELEVATION
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The shoulder is the most mobile joint in the human body, leading it to be the one of the most dislocated joints in the human body and putting it at higher risk of developing pathologies (e.g., osteoarthritis (OA)), which increases the likelihood of a shoulder replacement [1]. It is unknown how exactly the healthy humeral head tracks relative to the glenoid, and how that changes overtime as people age. Determining the exact amount of GH joint proximity and translation in the healthy population, while also analyzing the variances in different ages, will allow clinical professionals to help with better prevention of injuries, early detection of joint asymmetries, abnormalities, and diseases, and improving treatment plans to help with better patient recovery. As well, it will allow for more optimal shoulder implants to be designed which will allow patients of all ages to move their shoulder normally. Thirty-one participants were recruited for this study and were split into two cohorts depending on age: young (45 years old). Four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) scans were taken as these participants completed two movements of everyday life (e.g., Internal Rotation to the back (IR) and Forward Elevation (FE)). 3D bone models of the humerus and scapula were created using 3D slicer for all patients. Using these 3D bone models, an inter-bone distance algorithm was used to determine GH joint proximity, and registration, using an ICP (Iterative Closest Point) algorithm was used to then determine GH joint tracking (translation). In total, there were two statistically significant results in the analysis of GH joint proximity and joint tracking (translation). Firstly, when examining GH joint proximity, old participants displayed closer joint proximity during the middle of the movement compared to the young participants (11.0% difference, p=0.039, Figure 1) for IR. Secondly, also for IR, young participants had more translation in the S/I direction (16.2%) compared to the A/P direction (10.4%) (5.8% difference total, p=0.016, Figure 2). This research allowed us to quantify GH joint proximity and joint surface tracking (translation) during IR and FE, which has not yet been established in literature. It is also vital in allowing shoulder implant designers to understand how the native healthy shoulder joint moves so that they can design shoulder implants that can allow for the important translational movement found in this study. For any figures or tables, please contact the authors directly.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».