Hippocampal Atrophy on Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Surrogate Marker for Clinical Benefit and Neurodegeneration in Early Symptomatic Alzheimer’s Disease: Synthesis of Evidence from Observational and Interventional Trials
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Amyloid-plaque reduction is currently the only recognized surrogate outcome for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) trials, allowing accelerated approval of plaque-clearing amyloid antibodies. However, plaque reduction does not facilitate the development of new non-plaque-clearing treatments. The hippocampus is among the first brain regions affected by AD pathology, exhibiting synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration that manifests as hippocampal atrophy and memory decline. We evaluated hippocampal volume (HV) as a potential surrogate outcome that can predict clinical benefit in disease-modification trials. Using published data from observational and interventional studies that examined both cognition and HV on volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (vMRI), we evaluated the cross-sectional correlations of HV to cognitive performance, the longitudinal correlations of HV atrophy to cognitive decline, HV sensitivity to drug effects, and the correlations between drug effects on HV atrophy and cognitive decline. We also examined the magnitude of HV protection that corresponds to meaningful clinical benefit. Analyses from 30 observational studies encompassing 13,187 individuals (2633 cognitively normal; 10,554 early AD) showed significant cross-sectional correlations between baseline HV and cognition, and longitudinal correlations between HV atrophy and cognitive decline over ≥ 1 year. The relationship of HV–cognitive drug effects was examined at the group level in nine placebo-controlled trials of five antiamyloid agents that evaluated HV in early AD trials of at least 18 months’ duration. These trials included four amyloid antibodies (aducanumab, lecanemab, donanemab, and gantenerumab) and one oral anti-oligomer agent (valiltramiprosate). Individual-level HV–cognition relationships were examined in two valiltramiprosate studies, one of which included diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) providing microstructural correlates of HV drug effects and helping distinguish neuroprotection from brain edema. Across these anti-amyloid drug trials (total N ~10,000), there was a linear relationship between drug effects on slowing of cognitive decline and slowing of HV atrophy. Two anti-oligomer trials (valiltramiprosate) reported significant subject-level correlations between drug effects on HV and cognition over 18–24 months ( r = −0.40 to −0.44, p < 0.005, N = 50/69), with significant correlations of drug effects on brain microstructure (decreased mean diffusivity) with both HV and cognitive benefits, supporting reduced neurodegeneration. The minimal HV preservation at the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage that is associated with clinical benefit is estimated to be ≥ 40 mm 3 or ≥ 10% of atrophy in the placebo arm over 18 months. Our findings demonstrate that hippocampal atrophy is an early indicator of cognitive decline in AD, linked to amyloid and tau-related neurodegeneration. HV on standardized vMRI is sensitive to anti-amyloid treatments, demonstrating strong correlations between slowed hippocampal atrophy and slowed cognitive decline. Data from over 23,000 subjects over three decades support HV as a surrogate marker for predicting clinical benefit in early symptomatic AD.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».