Dileucine-supplemented essential amino acids support whole-body anabolism after resistance exercise and serum-stimulated cell-based anabolism
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background Essential (EAA) and branched chain (BCAA) amino acid ingestion support whole-body anabolism after resistance exercise and can attenuate markers of postexercise myofibrillar protein breakdown (i.e. urinary 3-methylhistidine; 3MH). Leucine is often considered a primary anabolic EAA through its ability to activate the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and stimulate muscle protein synthesis. The dipeptide leucine (dileucine) has been shown to more effectively stimulate myofibrillar protein synthesis than leucine in young males at rest. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of a dileucine-containing essential amino acid formula (DIEAA; 2 g dileucine, 1 g leucine, 9.15 g total EAA) on the anabolic and catabolic responses following resistance exercise in young recreationally active adults when compared with ingesting branched chain amino acids (BCAA; 3 g leucine, 1.5 g isoleucine, 1.5 g valine) or isonitrogenous (to DIEAA) collagen hydrolysate (COL).Methods In a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, 12 healthy adults (8 M, 4F, aged 24 ± 3 y) performed a 60 min bout of whole-body resistance exercise, after which they ingested DIEAA, BCAA, or COL protein beverages containing 100 mg L-[1-13C]leucine (#NCT05754125). Total exogenous leucine retention (as an estimate of whole-body anabolism) was assessed over the 6 h postprandial period by determining total leucine oxidation from 13CO2 enrichment (isotope ratio mass spectrometry) in repeated breath samples. A urinary 3MH:creatinine ratio (3MH:Cr) over 6 h was used as an estimate of skeletal muscle myofibrillar protein breakdown. To further assess the anabolic potential of nutrients, C2C12 myotubes were treated with a subset (n = 7) of human serum-conditioned media for 4 h to measure downstream mTORC1 substrate phosphorylation, protein synthesis (puromycin and L-ring-[D5]phenylalanine incorporation) and breakdown (ubiquitinated protein), and myotube hypertrophy.Results Total exogenous leucine retention were similar (p = 0.68) between DIEAA (215.72 ± 42.45 μmol·kg−1) and BCAA conditions (219.15 ± 45.26 μmol·kg−1), with both DIEAA and BCAA being greater (p < 0.0001) than COL (37.25 ± 8.16 μmol·kg−1). There were no differences (p = 0.58) in 3MH:Cr between supplement conditions. There was no effect of condition ex vivo on puromycin incorporation into nascent peptides (p = 0.31), total protein ubiquitination as an estimate of protein breakdown (p = 0.59), phosphorylation of downstream mTORC1 substrates p-RPS6S240/244 (p = 0.39) or p-4E-BP1T37/46 (p = 0.50), and myotube diameter (p = 0.55). Stable isotope-derived rates of mixed muscle protein synthesis (MPS) demonstrated a trend toward a main effect (p = 0.086) with pairwise comparisons revealing a large effect of DIEAA compared to COL (dz = 1.47), a medium effect of DIEAA compared to BCAA (dz = 0.81), and a trivial effect of BCAA comapred to COL (dz = 0.002).Conclusions Dileucine-supplemented EAA and BCAA support greater whole-body anabolism compared with COL after resistance exercise independent of attenuation in urinary estimates of myofibrillar protein breakdown. Exploratory ex vivo experiments reveal a potential anabolic effect of DIEAA in stimulating MPS. Collectively, these findings suggest that consuming dileucine with sufficient EAA and BCAA increases exogenous leucine retention to support whole-body anabolism during postexercise recovery in individuals performing resistance training.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».