Abstract B027: Early-Onset Head and Neck Cancer: Implications for Risk Stratification and Survival
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Introduction: Head and neck cancers (HNC) represent nearly 4% of all cancers in the U.S., with established risk factors including tobacco, alcohol, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. While the mean age at diagnosis is 64 years, ∼20% of cases occur in adults <55, and 4–6% in those <40. Reports suggest rising incidence of early-onset HNC. A subset of younger patients without previously established risk factors indicates alternative etiologies. We aimed to describe demographic determinants of early-onset HNC and evaluate survival differences by age of onset. Methods: We analyzed data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2004–2022, including adults with HNC diagnosis codes (n=816,747). The NCDB is a clinical registry with data abstracted from patient records at Commission on Cancer–accredited facilities. Multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for early-onset HNC (<50 years) vs. traditional onset (≥50 years), adjusting for sex, race, ethnicity, Great Circle distance, Charlson-Deyo comorbidity (CDCC) score, and HPV-tumor status. Distance was analyzed in quartiles. Cox proportional hazards models estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) by age of onset, adjusting for the same variables plus tumor stage. Results: In adjusted models, several demographics were significantly associated with early-onset HNC. Males were linked to slightly lower odds than females (aOR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.99). White adults had reduced odds compared to Black adults (aOR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.48–0.57), as did Non-Hispanic vs. Hispanic adults (aOR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.51–0.63). Greater distance from reporting facility showed a dose-response association, with higher quartiles linked to increased odds (Quartile 4 vs. 1 aOR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.15–1.35). Higher comorbidity burden was associated with lower odds (CDCC 1 aOR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.49–0.59; CDCC 2 aOR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.23–0.34; CDCC 3 aOR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.23–0.35). HPV-positive tumors were more common in early-onset cases (aOR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.17–1.33). In survival analyses, adults aged 40–49 had improved survival vs. those ≥50 (aHR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82–0.97), while survival among those 18–39 was similar (aHR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.78–1.19). Male sex (aHR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91–0.99) and White race (aHR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99) were associated with modest survival benefits. Increasing comorbidity burden was linked to worse survival (CDCC 1 vs. 0 aHR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04–1.14; CDCC 2 vs. 0 aHR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.11–1.27; CDCC 3 vs. 0 aHR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.16–1.33), as was advanced stage. HPV-positive tumors were associated with improved survival (aHR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.84–0.91). Conclusions: These findings underscore the need to investigate non-traditional risk factors and biological mechanisms underlying early-onset HNC, especially in subgroups not explained by conventional exposures. Citation Format: Morgan C. Byrd, Joab O. Odera, Trisha Kibugi, Rong Jiang, Tammara Watts, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters. Early-Onset Head and Neck Cancer: Implications for Risk Stratification and Survival [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: The Rise in Early-Onset Cancers—Knowledge Gaps and Research Opportunities; 2025 Dec 10-13; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(23_Suppl):Abstract nr B027.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,005 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».