Estimating Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Health-Related Quality of Life among Persons Aged 8 years and Older, August 2020-July 2022
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Background Severe COVID-19 results in substantial economic burden and impacts quality of life. Assessing how non-hospitalized COVID-19 impacts health utilities during acute infection and long term is important to estimate the full economic impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods We analyzed EQ-5D-3L survey data from SARS-CoV-2 infected adults (aged ≥16 years) and children (aged 8-15 years) from three community and household cohorts in the United States (2020-2022). EQ-5D-3L scores were analyzed at three time points after symptom onset or first positive SARS-CoV-2 test result and converted to health utilities on a scale of 0-1 (1=perfect health). Among adults, regression models were used to compare differences in health utility by demographic/clinical characteristics. Results Among 538 SARS-CoV-2 non-hospitalized asymptomatic/symptomatic infections from 575 adults with EQ-5D-3L surveys, mean utilities were near 1 throughout the observation period. During 0-14 days, vaccinated participants had higher health utilities (Beta:0.57, 95% CI:0.07,1.07). Seeking medical care and having gastrointestinal symptoms (vs. none), were associated with lower health utilities (Beta, 95% CI:-0.96, −1.60, −0.31; and −0.76, −1.30, −0.21 respectively). During 15-30 days, unemployment was associated with lower health utility (Beta:-0.64, 95% CI:-1.15,-0.14). During 31-90 days, underlying conditions were associated with lower health utilities (Beta:-0.32, 95% CI:-0.54, −0.09). Results for children were similar to adults. Conclusion Non-hospitalized COVID-19 may have minimal overall impact on quality of life; however, health utilities differed by vaccination status, presence of gastrointestinal symptoms, employment status, and presence of underlying conditions. Vaccination may play an important role in minimizing illness impact from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Key points Severe COVID-19 illness causes substantial economic burden and impacts on quality of life; however, the incidence of non-hospitalized COVID-19 is far greater. Assessing how non-hospitalized COVID-19 impacts health during acute infection and long term is important to understand the full impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study utilizes the EQ-5D-3L, a standardized generic preference-based instrument used in population health studies, to estimate health utilities at multiple time points following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study also examines demographic/medical characteristics that are associated with health utility over time. While mean health utilities were high for all infection periods regardless of age, health utility was lower at varying time points post-infection among adults who sought medical care, reported gastrointestinal symptoms, were unemployed, and with underlying conditions. Vaccinated adults (vs. unvaccinated) had higher health utility and were less likely to report reduced health. Findings can be used as inputs for economic evaluation and assessing impact of interventions for non-hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 illness, such as vaccination.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».