Association Between Smoking and Opioid Requirement and Pain Intensity in the Early Postoperative Period: A Meta-Analysis
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Effective postoperative pain management is crucial for patient recovery and satisfaction. Smoking may impact pain perception and analgesic requirements, but its effects on postoperative opioid needs remain unclear. The objective of this study was to determine whether patients who smoke have different postoperative opioid requirements compared to nonsmokers in the first 24 and 48 h after surgery. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing postoperative opioid use between smokers and nonsmokers. A comprehensive literature search was performed in Web of Science and PubMed databases. Opioid doses were converted to morphine equivalents for comparison. Random effects meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled effect sizes. Eight studies (784 patients) were included for the primary 24-h outcome and seven studies (1164 patients) for the 48-h outcome. Meta-analysis showed significantly higher opioid requirements in smokers compared to nonsmokers at both 24 h (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.90, 95% CI 0.74–1.06, p < 0.00001) and 48 h postoperatively (SMD 0.61, 95% CI 0.48–0.74, p < 0.00001). On average, smokers required 33.7% more opioids than nonsmokers. Smokers also reported significantly higher pain scores 24 h after surgery (SMD 0.59, 95% CI 0.26–0.92, p < 0.001). Despite low-quality evidence due to non-randomized study designs, this meta-analysis demonstrates that patients who smoke have significantly higher postoperative opioid requirements and pain scores than nonsmokers. These findings highlight the need to consider smoking status when developing postoperative pain management strategies. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this relationship and optimize pain control in smokers. This meta-analysis evaluates the effects of smoking on postoperative pain and opioid consumption. The primary aim of interest is whether smokers consume more opioids than nonsmokers within 24 and 48 h after surgery. Smokers require considerably larger doses of opioid analgesics (approximately 33.7% larger within the first 24 h) and continue to require greater amounts of pain relief up to 48 h after surgery. In addition, smokers experience greater pain 24 h after surgery. Various studies were included, and these studies contained a variety of different patient populations involved and different surgical procedures performed. Smokers require increased amounts of opioid analgesics and suffer from greater amounts of pain than nonsmokers. This fact will most likely show that smoking has an important part in the perception of pain and the responsiveness to medication given for pain control after surgery. These points support the idea that importance should be given to the smoking status of the patient and how pain relief in the postoperative management of pain control may be adjusted based on this. Providers will probably find it necessary to adjust their techniques of pain control in the smoking patients by altering medications or dosages to increase the efficacy of the medications used. Further study is indicated in order to more fully understand the effects of smoking on pain and the effects of opioids.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,003 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».