Notice bibliographique
Résumé
[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Within the continental United States, CPAs are fairly mobile. No matter in which state they are based, they are generally able to temporarily practice across state lines without obtaining a reciprocal license if they have 150 hours of education, passed the CPA exam, and have at least one year of experience. The only remaining U.S. jurisdictions without an individual CPA mobility law are Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands. The rules for foreign countries are different, but U.S. CPAs interested in working abroad will find six nations open and hassle-free. For U.S. CPAs, global mobility is largely determined by mutual recognition agreements (MRAs). MRAs are contracts between professional accounting organizations from countries that have signed the General Agreement on Trade in Services, a World Trade Organization treaty that took effect in 1995. To better understand why global mobility is gaining in importance and what MRAs can do for CPAs, the JofA talked to Jim Knafo, AICPA director-International Relations. From 1999 until 2012, Knafo helped negotiate existing U.S. MRAs as a volunteer member of the International Qualifications Appraisal Board (IQAB). The U.S. IQAB, whose members are appointed by the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) and the AICPA, reviews accounting qualifications in other countries, negotiates MRAs with foreign professional accounting organizations, and makes reciprocity recommendations to the AICPA, NASBA, and state boards of accountancy The following are excerpts from the conversation with Knafo: Why would U.S. CPAs explore licensure elsewhere? Knafo: Global mobility is important for two reasons. The first is that the world is becoming a much smaller place, and our clients, even small ones, are turning to international markets more and more. We need global mobility in much the same way that we need interstate mobility: to continue to serve and grow with our clients. Similarly, more companies want to do business in the U.S. What better way to break the ice with a potential new client than to start the conversation by mentioning that you have an accounting designation from their home country? Right away, that gives you an edge over the next accountant who is pursuing the client. The second reason is more personal. Global mobility gives you the opportunity to live and work abroad for a few years, broaden your professional expertise, and gain new perspectives without having to put your career progression on hold. What does an do for a CPA, and which countries have MRAs with the United States? Knafo: The MRAs negotiated by the IQAB allow U.S. CPAs to access licensure in foreign countries through an accelerated route. An is essentially a shortcut. It allows professionals who have already been tested and certified in their home country to move to another country with out having to start over. They don't have to meet additional education requirements or take other countries' equivalent of the U.S. Uniform CPA Exam. The allows professionals to have their existing credential, and all that went into earning it, recognized. Generally, the sole requirement to obtain the foreign license is to pass a short exam on local laws, tax, and regulations. The National Association of State ] Boards of Accountancy and the AICPA currently have MRAs with professional accounting organizations, or PAOs, in Canada, Mexico, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, and Hong Kong (see sidebar, MRA Requirements for U.S. CPAs'). With an MRA, individual U.S. CPAs do not have to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis, because, in essence, the U.S. CPA certification process has already been prescreened by the foreign PAO. What options do U.S. CPAs have in countries that do not have MRAs with the United States? Knafo: In some non-MRA countries, a U. …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,002 | 0,011 |
| Science ouverte | 0,003 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».