Feasibility Study of Short-Line Semi-High-Speed Electric Railway in Canada: Case Study of Okanagan Valley Railway
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Across North America there is an increasing demand for faster, less energy intensive and less costly modes of transportation. Furthermore, with the expected high level of congestion in freight shipping lines across the continent, alternate routes will be required. One alternative of strong interest is the placement of a semi-high speed electric railway line through the Okanagan Valley in British Columbia, Canada. This line would not only be able to service the Okanagan Valley, currently a rubber tire exclusive region, but also provide an additional link between the railway lines in the United States and the rest of Canada. The proposed line would run from Osoyoos, where it would connect to existing railways in the US, to Vernon, where it could connect, to railways across Canada. This objectives of this research were threefold: 1) to review literature on electric railways to ascertain, generally, the cost and benefits of construction and operation relative to rubber tire freight and passenger travel costs and benefits, 2) to apply this current level of knowledge to a social cost benefit case study of a possible electric railway serving the Okanagan Valley, and, 3) to identify empirical, science-based gaps in knowledge to be pursued in future research, in order to refine this research towards possible future implementation, with wider relevance to a North American move to sustainable transportation. To this end, a conceptual design including route alignment, traffic forecast as well as a social benefit/cost analysis was conducted. As few studies exist for the Okanagan Valley regarding railway, estimates were made to gain insight into the feasibility of conducting full analyses into the areas where gaps in knowledge exist. It is of interest to identify the areas for which further research is required to obtain more accurate estimates of the costs and benefits of an electric railway through the Okanagan Valley in order to develop a business case in pursuit of federal, provincial and local funding. The results of this research were promising. Regarding the literature, gaps in knowledge were identified on traffic and cost data, and in freight forecast models. However what was available allowed an order-of-magnitude construction cost estimate of $1.45 billion for 100 miles of twinned track. Moreover, if a railway began operation in 2030, the benefit/cost ratio of the project was estimated at 1.7, suggesting semi-high speed electric railway warrants further research. Finally, this study was only a first step towards identifying knowledge gaps that must be addressed prior to any possible North American railway renaissance.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,007 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,003 | 0,006 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».