Diet, nutrients, and obesity : an investigation of relationships in the Australian context
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Overweight and obesity are global public health problems affecting millions of adults, and Australia is no exception. In the population-level rise of overweight and obesity, dietary risk factors have been implicated. However, evidence is lacking on the key issues of how dietary patterns are associated with obesity outcomes: whether unhealthy diet mediates the association between socio-economic disadvantage and obesity; whether unhealthy diet is associated with weight-related complications, defined using the Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS); and whether nutrient deficiencies are associated with obesity. Thus, this thesis addresses this lack, examining the relationships between diet, nutrients and obesity, and weight-related complications. In this thesis, I conducted four studies: one umbrella review and three cross-sectional studies. In the umbrella review (Study 1), I summarized and graded evidence from 16 systematic reviews of observational studies on dietary patterns and overweight/obesity outcomes in the adult population. The focus of Study 1 was the association between unhealthy versus healthy dietary patterns and overweight/obesity incidence or weight gain. For Study 2, data from 7,044 adults were analysed using log-binary regression since the prevalence of obesity in the sample was greater than 10%. To estimate the extent to which the association between socio-economic disadvantage and obesity could be explained by unhealthy diet, I also conducted mediation analysis. For Study 3, I analysed the data from 5,055 adults living with overweight or obesity and used logistic regression to explore the association between unhealthy diet and EOSS. Also, I conducted stratified analysis and propensity score matching to further examine the association in a sensitivity analysis. For Study 4, I analysed data from 3,539 adults who had biomarkers for micronutrients, applying weights to correct for the complex sampling. Results: The findings in this thesis highlight the following three points: first, diet-related efforts in obesity prevention strategies could benefit from including Mediterranean-type dietary patterns, particularly for socially disadvantaged groups. Second, since the results did not support the usefulness of the Mediterranean diet for weight-related complications, more work exploring its relationship with specific EOSS components is required. Third, the findings show the co-existence of severe obesity and vitamin D deficiency, but longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the direction of the association.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».