Safety measures of the oil pipeline transportation business
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Due to the expansion of an oil pipeline system in Thailand and proposed project networking to Myanmar and Laos, the method of oil transportation through pipelines will be more common; replacing the hundreds of oil transportation trucks to Northern and Northeastern. Although the several risks caused by tank trucks such as accidents, high fatality rates and maintenance costs of highway infrastructure will be relatively reduced, oil pipelines could lead to the hazard to health and environment in different ways. Since the pipelines need to be installed across, along or under roads, highways, railroads and populated areas, and oil is flammable and combustible, it is essential that we need to be aware of and prioritize the safety control of the pipeline transportation before the damage occurred. This thesis will focus on measures related to the safety of the oil pipeline transportation system. The term “safety” in this thesis means the absence of a situation which is likely to cause personal injury or cause damage to property and environment, including the absence of possibility to be endangered. To achieve the safety, we have to get rid of unsafe situations, then an injury or damage will consequently not occur. In a legal aspect, the legislation of preventive measures, monitoring measures and methods that control the safety can rule out any chance of unsafe situations which are likely to cause damage. In Thailand, the Fuels Control Act, B.E. 2542 which was amended by the Fuels Control Act (No. 2), B.E. 2550 is the main legislation governing the oil transportation by pipelines. This business is controlled by licensing system by the Department of Energy Business under the Fuels Control Act and the Ministerial Regulation on Fuels Business Operation, B.E. 2556. The licensee has to carry out the operation safely in compliance with Section 7 of the Fuels Control Act which authorizes the Minister of Energy to issue the ministerial regulations to determine the guidelines and the matters of technical details for the safety purpose. However, it is found that there are some defects in the current safety measures of the oil pipeline transportation. The author proposes recommendations by comparing with the Law of Canada which is the National Energy Board Act and the relevant regulations. The author also studies the Energy Industry Act, B.E. 2550 and comes up with the issues and solutions as follows.There are neither specific regulations that indicate the engineering standards on the oil pipeline transportation system nor the qualification of the tester and inspector. The design, construction, operation, maintenance and systems to prevent fire, explosion, lightning and oil leakage are currently guided by the foreign engineering codes and standards. The lack of ministerial regulation regarding the safety standards of oil pipeline results in the uncertainty of the engineering standards and insufficiency of legal enforcement. Moreover, the regulation regarding the qualified professionals who will conduct a test and inspection of premises and systems used with an oil pipeline has not been issued yet. This thesis proposes that the Minister of Energy should exercise power under the Section 7 of the Fuels Control Act to issue the ministerial regulations regarding these missing matters.The last issue of this thesis is to analyze the appropriation for the criteria of granting license or licensing conditions. In total, there should be the consideration of economic and financial matters in order to encourage the effectiveness of safety measures of the oil pipeline operation in whole aspects.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,005 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,004 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,010 | 0,002 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».