Tuition Reciprocity in the United States.
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Reciprocity agreements are contracts between two or more parties whereby students pay reduced tuition rates. The rate ofreduction is determined by the parameters set forth in each individual state's agreement but may range from a modest reduction in fees to a waiver of full non-resident tuition. In addition to providing tuition relief, reciprocity agreements have expanded educational choice for student beneficiaries and have limited unnecessary duplication of academic programs and educational facilities for academic institutions and states. Knowing that litde has been written about reciprocity agreements, Stewart, Winchell and Wagner (1994) contacted state education officials throughout the United States to investigate the existence of interstate tuition reciprocity programs. Reciprocity agreements are contracts between two or more parties whereby students pay reduced tuition rates. The rate ofreduction is determined by the parameters set forth in each individual state's agreement but may range from a modest reduction in fees to a waiver of full non-resident tuition. In addition to providing tuition relief, reciprocity agreements have expanded educational choice for student beneficiaries and have limited unnecessary duplication of academic programs and educational facilities for academic institutions and states. Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio, and Florida have adopted several unique reciprocity agreements (agreements upon which we will elaborate), but first we will summarize the aspects of other programs. Agreements vary in service to undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. Some programs have enrollment capacity limits whereby only a specific number of students may receive assistance. In some programs, student participants pay the same tuition rate as in-state students; in others, a special rate is calculated. Table 1, on page 66, contains a general summary of interstate reciprocity agreements. TANGENTIAL STATE RECIPROCITY Officials in neighboring states typically explore the concept of reciprocity to prevent duplication of cosdy programs. Authorization to enter into reciprocity agreements with neighboring states was one of the first responsibilities assigned to the Minnesota Higher Education Coordinating Board. Minnesota has increased student access to higher education through reciprocal tuition agreements with Wisconsin, North Dakota, South Dakota, two institutions in Iowa, the Canadian province of Manitoba, and affiliate membership in the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education. Reciprocity agreements have expanded educational choice for students and have reduced costs to the taxpayers of participating states. In the 2005-0 6 academic year, approximately 13,595 students from Minnesota and 11,418 students from Wisconsin participated in the reciprocity program. The Kentucky Council on Postsecondary Education has approved tuition reciprocity agreements with Illinois, Ohio, Tennessee, and West Virginia. Advantages of reciprocity for Kentucky include: broader access and opportunity for citizens in a region; reduction of unnecessary duplication of academic programs; and cost reduction by utilizing academic programs in other states. Kentucky has been a leader: its agreements have benefited thousands of students. (See Table 2.) Northern Kentucky University (nku), Cincinnati Technical and State Community College (Cincinnati State), and the University of Cincinnati (uc) have joined forces to increase access to associate degree programs and to encourage articulation for baccalaureate and master's degrees. The Ohio /Kentucky Reciprocity Agreement has been in effect since July 1991. Undergraduate and graduate reciprocity agreements for students from selected counties in northern Kentucky and southwestern Ohio created many benefits for students, institutions, and states. Dr. Robert Appleson, former Assistant Provost at Northern Kentucky University and one of the writers of the Ohio /Kentucky Recip- rocal Agreement, notes that the agreement has provided many benefits to nku. …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,004 | 0,011 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,004 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,005 | 0,004 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,026 | 0,003 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».