Cyllodes biplagiatus LeConte 1866
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Cyllodes biplagiatus LeConte 1866 (Fig. 1, 11) Cyllodes biplagiatus LeConte 1866: 377; Henshaw 1885: 59; Leng 1920: 196; Parsons 1943: 248; Arnett 1963: 763; McNamara 1991: 217; Habeck 2002: 314; Sikes 2004: 170; Price & Young 2006: 77. Distribution. Parsons (1943) states “This species occurs (May–July) from New Hampshire (Three Mile Island) to New Jersey (Orange Mt., Monmouth Jct.), west through New York (Buffalo), Michigan (Detroit, Marquette), Wisconsin (Bayfield), Minnesota (Fillmore Co.), and Manitoba (Aweme, Winnipeg, Victoria Beach).” Unfortunately this listing was only a distribution range that did not cite vouchers for any of the localities. The species is notably lacking from Blatchley’s (1910) listing of the beetles of Indiana, and it is also absent from a current treatment of the fauna of Nova Scotia (Majka & Cline 2006) and Maine (Majka et al. 2011), but was found in New Brunswick (Majka et al. 2008). The host fungus is present in Nova Scotia (Wehmeyer 1950); however the beetle has not been collected there (Majka pers. comm.). Sikes (2004) did not find it in Rhode Island during his survey from 1995–2000, but noted it being reported as rare in the early 20th century (Davis 1904). Price and Young (2006) provide an up to date county listing for the species in Wisconsin. We compiled data from many North American museums and private collections to present more detailed distributional records and document the depositories of those specimens. The data (Appendix 1) presented herein are not verbatim label data, but have been altered into a standardized form and only represent locality and date of capture (if available). The current distribution of C. biplagiatus is depicted in Figure 11. Biology. This species is known to be associated with oyster mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus Fries, with adult feeding occurring on the sporocarp (Downie & Arnett 1996; Cline & Leschen 2005; Price & Young 2006; Majka et al. 2008). Larvae of this species were described (Wickham 1894); however, species-level details are lacking and the line drawings are insufficient to determine any valid characters. The majority of collection records (Appendix 1) are from the early to middle 1900s. This fact may be indicative of a decline in C. biplagiatus in natural ecosystems or may conversely represent a reduction in the number of collections being made due to the loss of interest in natural history by recent generations. As mentioned above, Sikes (2004) indicated the species was present at the turn of the last century, albeit rarely, but was not collected during his recent intensive survey of the beetles of Rhode Island. This evidence may support an actual decline in this species in natural ecosystems and not a loss of interest in natural history collections. As noted by Cline and Leschen (2005) Pleurotus fungi are among some of the longest-lived fungi with sporocarps persisting for months if conditions are favorable. Pleurotus fungi also provide shelter or subsistence to at least 136 species of beetles in North America (Cline & Leschen 2005). Thus, even though the sporocarp may be long-lived, if fewer are present in nature, some species (e.g. Cyllodes biplagiatus) may be competitively excluded from feeding on the fungus and thus suffer correspondingly in reproductive output.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,023 | 0,005 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».