The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence and treatment of anxiety and depression among men and women : a population-based analysis
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Introduction: As a global crisis, COVID-19 pandemic heightened stress-related mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression, disproportionately affecting women. Few studies have examined sex differences in the treated incidence and follow-up care for anxiety and depression at the population level before and during the pandemic. Objectives: This study explores whether COVID-19 led to 1) changes in the trend and level of treated incidence rates for anxiety and depression between males and females, and 2) changes in the rate and type of treatment received for anxiety and depression between males and females. Methods: Health administrative datasets, including physician billing, ambulatory care, and demographic files, were linked and analyzed. Study cohort included BC residents aged 18 and older with provincial health insurance coverage. Monthly treated incident cases were extracted and stratified by sex and age groups. Controlled interrupted time series analysis examined trends of sex disparities. Individuals with incident cases of anxiety and depression were tracked for one year before and during the pandemic to assess receipt of counseling, psychiatric treatment, emergency visits, or doctor’s visits. Log binomial regression analysis assessed sex differences in follow-up treatment. Results: Prior to COVID-19, females had higher treated incidence rates of anxiety (7.96 per 10,000) and depression (8.61 per 10,000) compared to males (3.84 per 10,000 and 4.59 per 10,000). At the onset of COVID-19, incidence rates of anxiety increased significantly for females compared to males, gradually returning to pre-pandemic levels. During COVID-19, treated incidence rates of depression decreased for males and marginally increased for females. For follow-up care, females were more likely to receive counseling and doctor’s visits compared to males before the pandemic. During the pandemic, counseling, psychiatric treatment, and emergency visits decreased for both males and females, while doctor’s visits increased. This suggests comparable impacts of COVID-19 on treatment access for both sexes. Conclusion: This study highlights significant pre-pandemic sex differences in the treated incidence and treatment of anxiety and depression. Our findings indicate that COVID-19 exacerbated sex disparities in treated incidence but not follow-up care. These findings underscore the need for targeted mental health interventions to address these disparities in Canada.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,004 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».