Non-communicable diseases in Ghana: risk factors, prevalence and social support systems
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The aim of this thesis is to examine the effects of individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) on hypertension, establish an association between non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and disability and examine the role of social support systems in management of NCDs in Ghana. Specific focus is given to the burden of hypertension, diabetes, and stroke. The study is motivated by the scarcity of research on NCD-related risks among women in Ghana. Similarly, there is paucity of academic literature on relationships between NCDs, disability, and social support systems available to people living with these chronic conditions. In examining these issues, a mixed methods sequential explanatory research design is adopted using the World Health Organization’s Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) as a conceptual framework. Specifically, data from the Women’s Health Study of Accra (WHSA-I) and the Ghana Global Ageing on Adult Health Survey (SAGE) are analyzed using multilevel logistic regression and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression respectively. In addition, qualitative interviews were undertaken in two teaching hospitals in Ghana with 33 patients living with NCDs, who were recruited for the study using purposive sampling technique. Results from the quantitative analyses reveal that wealthy women are more likely to be hypertensive compared to poorer women. However, the effects of neighborhood SES/wealth was attenuated after adjusting for individual-level SES/wealth. In addition, respondents with higher education reported higher levels of disability compared to those with no education, while stroke emerge as the major contributor to disability among Ghanaians. Thematic analysis of the interview data further indicate that the nuclear family is the main source of social support for the self-management of NCDs. The results suggests that efforts aimed at the prevention, control and management of hypertension should focus on changing individual behavioral lifestyles. Health promotion programs should also focus individual factors (engaging in physical activity and adoption of healthy diet with an emphasis on fruit and vegetable consumption etc) in the prevention, control and management of hypertension in Ghana. This research also offers innovative contributions to the extant literature by confirming that the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) can be effectively used to classify individuals with disabilities living in Ghana not only based on their medical conditions, but also by their functioning level. This research further demonstrates that the ICF framework can be used within the healthcare setting to promote inclusiveness within the broader community. Finally, the study findings demonstrates that social support can be used as a strategy in the promotion of the physical and mental well-being of these NCD patients.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».