A qualitative examination of the impact of social restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic on social relations and social interactions of adolescents aged 12-18 years in Ontario, Canada
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background: The novel coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020 (WHO, 2020). The government of Ontario declared a stay-at-home order where schools were closed, and remote learning was used as an alternative to in-person learning. Adolescents were affected by these measures in many aspects, including experiencing elongated social isolation, social deprivation and losing in-person interaction with their peers (Orben et al.,2020). Adolescents undergo physiological changes, including changing neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, which affect the volatility and frequency at which their emotions changes (Bailen et al., 2019). Adolescents also experience change within their interpersonal relationships and interactions, mainly with their peers and parents (Brechwald & Prinstein, 2011). There is a need, therefore, to further research and understand how COVID-19-related stressful experiences such as social isolation could have potentially affected adolescents’ relationships. \nObjectives: This study aimed to examine how school closures, social distancing, and other types of social restrictions applied during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, affected social relationships and social interactions of adolescents aged 12-18. \nMethods: In this qualitative study, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to enable the researcher to examine the lived experiences of adolescents during the pandemic, focusing specifically on the changes in their relationships and social interactions. This goal was achieved through conducting open-ended interviews with 7 adolescents (ages 15-18) who live in Ontario. Participants were recruited through social media, emails and posters. Interviews lasted be-tween 60-90 minutes in length were conducted through Microsoft Teams Video Tool, and the data was recorded and analyzed inductively using IPA. \nResults: A difference between the male and female gender was observed, where male participants were less likely to mention their need for social interactions than female participants. The study also found that for adolescents, friends played a role in coping with the pandemic. Finally, the participants started to overcompensate for social interactions after the pandemic restrictions were relaxed, because of the opportunities they felt they missed out on during isolation. \nConclusion: Throughout the pandemic, adolescents' relationships were affected due to lack of social interactions during lockdowns. This study can be used to guide future policies to have less of a negative impact on adolescents as a further step to prepare for future potential social isolation situations. The findings can also be used as a baseline for future studies to understand the long-term effects adolescents have when exposed to long periods of social isolation.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,004 | 0,006 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,018 | 0,012 |
| Communication savante | 0,004 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,004 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».