Consequences of childhood disadvantage on later-life health among older Brazilians
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
A growing literature has explored the relationship between life course factors and health in later life. In particular, childhood circumstances have been shown to be associated with several health outcomes many decades later. Most of this literature has focused on high-income countries and on associations between single events or exposure variables in childhood and individual health outcomes among older adults. Less is known about the combined effect of harmful exposure in childhood on later-life health outcomes and, especially, in lower- and middle-income countries. Also, imperfect strategy identifications in observational studies make difficult to assess the robustness of these associations. This dissertation aims to address this gap in the literature with three separate studies on the relationship between childhood disadvantage and several later-life health outcomes among Brazilians aged 50 and over using data from the baseline assessment of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging. The first study sheds light on the associations between several potentially harmful exposures in childhood (separately and combined) and the occurrence of chronic conditions, separately and together (multimorbidity). The second study focuses on the impact on distinct theoretically appropriate domains of childhood disadvantage on three measures of cognitive performance. These first two studies also investigate the potential mediation effect of adulthood socioeconomic status (SES) on these relationships. And the last study discusses the appropriateness of a novel sensitivity framework (SenseMakr) to analyze observational studies by analyzing the robustness of 65 hypothesized associations between individual exposure and outcome variables. Results from the first study shows that a childhood disadvantage scale was associated with 8 different chronic conditions as well as the total count of chronic conditions. Mediation analyses suggest that part of the effect of childhood disadvantage (10%) on multimorbidity is mediated by higher SES in adulthood, while extensive sensitivity analyses suggest that omitted confounding is very unlikely. In the second study, we found that childhood disadvantage is associated with low performance in memory tests and semantic verbal fluency tests among older Brazilians. Adulthood SES fully mediated the association between all domains of childhood disadvantage and memory performance and only partially mediated its association with verbal fluency. The last study found that out of the 65 possible associations between single exposure and outcome variables, 24 were found to be statistically significant. Although the SenseMakr framework does not provide thresholds to support any mechanistic conclusion as it is not possible to establish universal cutoff values for its robustness measures, this approach can be highly useful in other observational studies of aging and the life course.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,005 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».